Decompression Speed Lab Report
2.4 Theoretical decompression wave speed
Theoretical decompression wave speed was calculated on the basis of Moens-Korteweg’s hydraulic transient equation which is used for finding the speed of pressure wave in the Joukowsky water hammer equation [10], [11], [12]. Originally the equation was used for describing hydraulic transient of flowing liquid inside a pipe restricted by sudden blockage or closure of valve. In S4 test, the conditions are contrariwise, the pressurized fluid is suddenly released due to the propagating crack. This makes the fluid ahead of the crack to back-flow axially triggering a set of expansion wave/decompression wave [3].Due to the similarity, the equation for compression wave speed measurement in water hammer can be used for determining the speed of decompression wave. As in the experimental set-up, the water is confined in a pipe, the decompression speed (Cw) has the following relationship [10]. (1)
Where ρ is the density of the pressurized medium, K is the bulk modulus of elasticity of the pressurized medium inside the pipe, Di is the inner pipe diameter, t is the pipe wall thickness E is the modulus of elasticity of the pipe material.
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Hence, the axial constraint factor assumes middle value between the two equations. The influence of axial constraint factor is very less on the magnitude of decompression wave, considering the effect of another property parameters like K and E. As there are many inaccuracies and uncertainties in the measuring the properties of the pipe and pressurized fluid, there is no justification of using the above constraint factor for just a 10% influence on the magnitude of wave speed. [13]. A value of ψ =1 can be safely approximated for the computational easiness considering the fact, the wave speed changes marginally for a value ranging from 0.92 to 1.16 (Fig.
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