The Nervous System: AIDS Dementia Complex and Guillain Barre Syndrome
Sarah Page
Sullivan University
Human Anatomy and Physiology
Dr. Rita Daniel
March 10, 2018 The Nervous System: AIDS Dementia Complex and Guillain Barre Syndrome
The neurological or nervous system coordinates all the activities of the body. This system receives information from inside the body and from the environment through different sensory organs and receptors, processes and interprets this information, and sends signals throughout the body to control body functions (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), 2011). This system is primarily compromised of the central nervous system, which features the brain and the bundles of nerves referred
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This is especially the case in the late stage of HIV infection. AIDS Dementia Complex (ADC), which is also referred to as HIV-associated dementia, is the most severe form of HANDs (Chow, 2013). This disease affects the central nervous system. This disrupts key functions of the CNS: cognition, mood, motor performance, and behavior. Li et al. (2014) further observed that without optimal treatment, this disease often causes seizures, coma, and death within six months of …show more content…
A lot of scholars agree that this disease is caused by the proliferation of HIV-1 (McGuire, 2003). As highlighted by McGuire (2003), the replication of this viral strain in brain macrophages leads to a high viral burden within the brain. These viruses cause ADC. This hypothesis has been substantiated by studies that have positively correlated HIV encephalopathy with ADC (John Hopkins University, 2018). Some scholars, however, argue that ADC is caused by a macrophage-initiated cascade of events that leads to the degeneration and dysfunction of the brain (McGuire, 2003). To this school of thought, this macrophage-initiated cascade is not influenced by the quantity of viruses in the brain. This second hypothesis is informed by the fact that activated macrophages can produce neurotoxins that trigger the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxygen free radicals. As highlighted by McGuire (2003), various in-vitro studies have indicated that these factors can kill human brain cells. In line with this discourse, Pulliam, Gascon, Stubblebine, McGuire, and McGrath (1997) reported significantly higher amounts of a specific subtype of macrophages among patients with ADC as compared to their
So, Lia was getting the wrong dosage of medications or not even getting medications. The doctors wanted to check her blood to know whether the medications were actually helping her or not. But they have realized that Lia’s mother has been lying or confused about how she administered the medications to her throughout this time (Guerrero et al, 2002). The next time Lia had a grand mal seizure; her parents blamed it on all the medications that were prescribed to
Imagine being a competitive athlete that can do almost anything and in a matter of seconds never being able to hug love ones or do the simple everyday tasks many take for granted. That’s how life is when a person is diagnosed with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) it’s a fatal disease that causes a person to lose complete control of their body and constantly need assistance. Having ALS also means having to watch the body deteriorate when the mind is perfectly aware of its own demise. Being diagnosed with Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE) is a progressive degenerative disease caused by multiple severe concussions to the head.
Unusually low blood sugar levels, brain injuries, strokes, brain tumors, cancer, the used of drugs such as cocaine, medications and flashing lights can be the cause of a seizure. Epilepsy is a disorder in which nerve cell activity is disturbed and causes seizures. However, doctors can use several tests to determine if a person
Summary and Reflection on The Panic Virus Amid the ongoing dispute that links vaccines with autism, Seth Mnookin has published The Panic Virus in 2011. Due to what must be the success of the book, the author has re-published the book with an afterword in 2012. The book’s purpose is to provide perception of the truth using scientific facts and evidence. The author’s curiosity and interest in the issue grew after the realization of the suspicion of his friends toward the medical establishment and instead rely on journalism and media.
- Past head trauma: Two problems can be at greater risk of this disease and that is for people who have had bad head trauma or repeated head trauma. - Lifestyle and heart health: There are some life styles that can be at a bigger risk of developing this disease and a few of them are: lack of exercise, smoking, poorly controlled diabetes, a diet that lacks fruits and vegetables. - Lifelong learning and social engagement: Mentally and socially stimulating activities can also increase the risk of developing this disease, these activities will include: increased levels of formal education, a stimulating job, mentally
It is a degenerative brain disease with a strong link to head trauma. CTE is caused by a progressive buildup of the tau protein which
What is Multiple Sclerosis: Multiple Sclerosis is primarily a T-cell mediated immune inflammatory disease that disrupts the regular functions of our central nervous system. Our central nervous system, the brain and the spine, are responsible for many of our voluntary and involuntary movements. However, in patients with Multiple Sclerosis, the immune system attacks the myelin sheaths that protect the nerves of the CNS. After repeated attacks, the myelin sheath will fall apart, and the immune cells will continue to attack the nerves themselves, which can be irreversibly damaged.
Dementia is not a specific illness. It 's an overall term that describes a range of symptoms associated with a decline in memory or other thinking skills severe enough to cut a person 's ability to do everyday activities. Alzheimer disease accounts for 60 to 80 percent of cases. Vascular dementia, which occurs after a stroke, is the second most common dementia type. Dementia is often incorrectly referred to as "senility" or "senile dementia," which reflects the formerly widespread but incorrect belief that serious mental decline is a normal part of aging.
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, or CTE, is a neurodegenerative disease that can only be spotted after death. Yes that 's right, it cannot be seen or diagnosed until the individual ailed has passed, making this one of the hardest diseases to cure. The cause of this silent killer?
Dementia is a disorder which causes the brain cells to deteriorate therefor causes a decline in several symptoms and affects a person’s mentality, capacity and how they go about their everyday life. NVQ 1.2 2) Describe the functions of the brain that are affected by dementia. There are many brain functions affected by dementia depending on which form of dementia the individual has. The temporal lobe’s functions affected are Memory loss for example forgetting things you have just been told or something you have just said so repeating yourself several times, balance, posture and vision can also be affected due to decline in health of the temporal lobe. Frontal lobe affects behaviour for example becoming withdrawn.
I. Just imagine waking up one morning and not knowing or remembering anything you did yesterday or the past years of your life? Well that’s what people who have dementia go through. They cannot remember who their kids are or anyone around them. II. Dementia effects your memory and a person’s ability to achieve a normal everyday task and activities.
The cause for Wearing’s amnesia is viral encephalitis, from the herpes simplex. If this virus travels to the brain it can cause swelling which leads to the brain crushing against the skull. The encephalitis affected various parts of the brain which includes the temporal lobes, the left frontal lobe, and the occipito- parietal lobe. The hippocampus, which is found in the temporal lobe, is completely destroyed affecting the function of memory.
Brain Tumors Can Be Defeated With Multi-Disciplinary Approach The brain is a sophisticated, elegant and an elaborate mass of tissue and nerve cells. It seamlessly controls our senses, our personality, helps regulate vital body functions and controls how we move in our surroundings. When abnormal cells grow in the brain to develop a tumor, it can disrupt how we function and will require the ‘right’ treatment considerations that balance how the tumor is treated with how well our brain operates. Right treatment for brain tumor, however, needs a multi-disciplinary approach including intensive rehabilitation and post operative care, which is rarely available under a single roof.
It will very slowly shut down each individual part of you body until you die. For this reason the person that is diagnosed with this type of disease is forced to take life slow and be very
Dementia Can you imagine what your life would be like if one of your loved ones could not recall memories you once shared or have the ability to fully take care of themselves? Their mind is no longer allowing them to properly function as they should, so they become forgetful. Dementia is a chronic irreversible condition which cannot be cured that changes the life and mind of the individual affected. The purpose of this paper is to inform you about the condition, how it affects the individual, and include patient centered care interventions for the patient. Dementia and its affects “Dementia is a broad term used to describe the progressive deterioration of cognitive functioning and global impairment of intellect with no change in consciousness”