Denominal Verb Analysis

Chapter one

Denominal verbs in english Introduction :

A denominal verb is a grammatical form that refers to an element which originates as a noun but is used in someway in sentence as verb. A denominal verb is much distinct than other typical verbs that are originally born functioning as verbs ,that is to say , they historically used to be nouns before they underwent some operations that contributed in the transformation of their lexical category. The following example illustrates this notion.

1) a. He spent the summer in liverpool

b. He summered in liverpool.

Sentence (1a) involoves two essential parts of our analysis. It is comopsed of a verb (to spend ) and the noun (summer ) , while sentence (2b) includes

Steven lunched at home Sentences (2a) and (2b) demonstrate the morphological nature of the verb formation . The verb (to victimize) is derived from the noun (victime ) by means of a derivational morpheme. Derivational morphemes have the capacity of changing the grammatical category of the roots they are attached to ( see Victoria Fromkin) . The verb (to lunch) in (3b) is derived from the noun (lunch) on the basis of syntactic operations , namely incorporation , head movement , and is subject to semantic constarints that will be much discussed in details in sections 3 and 4. In this section , the focus was on giving an overview of denominal verbs. We restrict our attention to derived denominal verbs with zero affixation. Obviously , the interaction between denominal verbs derived with and without affixation is also an interesting area of research , but it is not the focus of this paper.

I.2 Major Semantic Classes of Denominal Verbs : At this point, we turn to the main categories of Denominal verbs. For the sake of representing the major relationships, a data of a considerable number of denominal verbs collected from Clark and Clark 1979 as well as some other examples of denominal verbs collected from different sources will be displayed

Andrew McIntyre ( 2004) refers to this construction as follows . < Subject acts in the capacity named by incorporated N>

6 ) a. Robert is Poland’s 2015 champion jockey b. Marco failed to jockey the horse. The notion of agent parent stands in grammatical description for the construction that seeks uncover the element that are responsible for an event to take place( Crystal, david 2008). The following list of denominal verbs are is relevant to what we have said about agent verbs.

I.2.4 Goal verbs : This class of verbs is admitted to mark a kind of predicates whose parent nouns are assigned the goal case in the parent clause. 7) a. Emile was orphaned at 6. b. Mary became an orphane because of a road accident that caused the death of her parents.

The two examples show that Mary appears as an ophan due to her parents disposal and their role in the event structure. As a result, the parent noun (orphan ) must be in the goal case. Andrew McIntyre explains this change as follows : < The incorporated N comes into existence: Cause obj. to become N: {orphan/outlaw/scapegoat} someone, cup one’s hands >. The list bellow affords some examples of agent denominal