Does the report describe an explicit theoretical or conceptual framework for the study? If not, does the absence of a framework detract from the usefulness or significance of the research?
This article expressly states it’s theoretical framework by saying, “The purpose of this study was to examine workplace bullying victims’ perceptions of what they heard their bully counterparts say through their use of prosody” (Dzurec, Kennison, & Albataineh, 2014, para. 1). In other words, based on the idea of a theoretical framework as described in (Polit & Beck, 2017) this study is based on the idea of perceptions that employees had of being bullied through the way they were spoken to.
Does the report adequately describe the major features of the theory
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Some examples of these were studies that found victims were unaware they were getting bullied until it had progressed over time, that not only peers but management were involved, and that most of the time it was a subtle process that occurred over a lengthy period of time all of which resulted in harmful stress at work (Dzurec et al., 2014).
Is the theory or model appropriate for the research problem? Would a different framework have been more fitting?
The problem of bullying in the workplace as evaluated from the perspective of prosody, or how someone communicates or acts towards others, is a fitting model as evidenced by the referenced study from Hogan & Stubbs (2003) which found that seventy-five percent of all communication occurred through prosody.
If there is an intervention, was there a theoretical basis or rationale for the intervention?
There is no intervention in this study, although the authors suggest that, results from their research could provide some means to address the problem of workplace bullying and a way to handle it. (Dzurec et al., 2014) [Click and drag to
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Do the research problem and hypotheses (if any) naturally flow from the framework, or does the purported link between the problem and the framework seem contrived? Are deductions from the theory logical?
The research problem of bullying in the workplace and the hypothesis that the bullying stems from prosody flows smoothly from the framework presented and the process outlined led to the results of the study being rendered logically which culminated in a reasonable and acceptable conclusion.
Are the concepts adequately defined in a way that is consistent with the theory? If there is an intervention, are intervention components consistent with the theory?
The concepts the authors have devised are largely based on previous research that they themselves conducted that revealed the connection of despotic communication and the resulting adverse outcomes of the victim’s experiences. The authors summarize this by stating, “grave and negative influence in places of work and education may be attributable to threats proffered through the complexities of the unacknowledged messages fixed in their manner of speaking, that is, in their prosody” (Dzurec, Kennison, & Albataineh, 2014, p. 283). There is no intervention in this
My next paragraph will be about theory #2.
1. What rationale do the author(s) give for conducting the study? The author that is conducting this research is testing the obedience of a subject when dealing with “stocking a victim” by use of a shock generator. There are thirty levels of shock that are generated varying from a slight shock to a severe shock.
The article gives a thorough literature review after discussing the problem that prompted the experiment. The literature review, though brief, gives a general overview of what bullying has done, and then goes into more specific reviews. After this, Bowllan (2011) discusses her purpose and then goes into her research question. I would say that the research question is something that is possible to research. The concept of researching bullying trends
Even though the author has been in academia for a lot of years, she cannot concretely conclude that small situations could be considered bullying because all adults are different. Assumptions give an argument more information to try to influence the reader to agree with their
The author directs bullying as aggressive behavior can take place on internet, at school, social places, even home (Jarolmen, 2014). The author cites Yerger &Gehret, 2011 as they elaborate on the causes of bullying. School social workers must implement peer groups, promote student awareness, and empower victims of bullying. As a professional school social worker, you will need to "Bully Proof Your School"; programs such as PATHS, Safe School Ambassador (SSA) will allow you to do such (Yerger & Gehret, 2011 as cited in Jarolmen, 2014). These above-mentioned programs will encourage student leadership, intervention and advocacy amongst
The framework will be applied to existing research on the same subject for validation
To me, the author was very thorough and supported is goal well. One insight about my claim that is established through my analysis is that you
Bullies are usually stronger and victims are usually perceived as weaker and unable to protect themselves.” (Masterson,1997) Bullying expands in many aspects of everyday life; from schoolchildren and teenagers, to adults , working environments and even spouses and family members. Considering that the first signs of bullying appear among schoolchildren, we should examine it in its infancy, that is, bullying in early years and school life, which in turn becomes with the passage of years violence and in some cases even crime. As far as bullying at school is concerned, “one definition is that a student is being bullied or victimized, when he or she is exposed, repeatedly and over time , to negative actions on the part of one or more other students.”
This article explains what is bullying exactly. Bullying is any form of psychological, verbal, or physical abuse that occurs repeatedly among schoolchildren over a period. Statistically, the dominant type of violence is emotional and occurs mostly in the classroom and courtyard of schools. Bullying is a kind of torture, methodical and systematic, in which the aggressor sums up the victim, often with silence, indifference or complicity of other comrades. The author explains some characteristic and consequences of bullying.
Recently, bullying has been becoming more and more of an issue. It’s gotten so bad that one out of four kids deal with it. Currently, bullying is worldwide. There’s no place where it began, because it’s pretty much human nature. Many people are trying to stop it, whether by using zero-tolerance policies, small punishments, and more, however, nothing has worked so far.
Workplace bullying is a growing issue for all the organizations to manage people. Bullying is defined as acts or verbal comments that could 'mentally ' hurt or isolate a person in the workplace. As well as, sometimes bullying can involve negative physical contact. Furthermore, bullying usually involves repeated incidents or a pattern of behavior that is intended to intimidate, offend, and humiliate a particular person or group of people. Some scholars described bullying as the assertion of power through aggression (Workplace Bullying Institute, 2015).
Theoretical Framework This study is postulated on the theories, concepts and principles regarding on Workplace Bullying and its impact on employees productivity and performance. According to Einarsen’s conceptual framework Model (see Figure 1) of the nature and cause of workplace bullying (Einarsen 2003; as cited in Einarsen, 2005), three elements can describe the causes of workplace bullying: individual, social and organizational. Hoel and Stalin (2003; as cited in Lewis, 2004) suggested that there are four antecedents to organizational causes of workplace bullying, namely: the changing nature of work, how work is organized, the organizational culture, and leadership. The changing nature of work can be attributed to globalization, mergers and the current economic recession, among others (McCarthy, 2003).
Other important agents are social norms and organizational culture. Bullying and workplace harassment adversely affects the individual victim, the employer organization and at large, the economy. The existence of unsafe work environment characterized by bullying and harassment undermines the business growth and profitability of organizations and also leads to a damaging impact on the organization’s corporate image. Employer organization consequently has to pay in terms of litigation, increased staff turnover and loss of morale, absenteeism, potential workers’ compensation claims etc.
Bullying Can Be Prevented Bullying is a form of violence to pick on victims because they are different from their bullies, have insecurity/jealousy or home problems. The hate towards their victim has something to do with the victim having an unusual gift or being intelligent the bullies has yet to become. It is important that this behavior should be prevented or it will become worse. Bullying is one of the main issues public and private schools have to face on a day-to-day basis. When the bully takes it too far, the victim snaps and retaliates by fighting him/her back physically or verbally.
Historically, the most momentous turning point of bullying happened in the mid 1970’s where a research professor of psychology Dan Olweus, conducted an intensive