“The rich and powerful now have new means to further enrich and empower themselves at the cost of the poorer and weaker” - Nelson Mandela. As the European colonies imperialized multiple areas of the world to gain gold, God, glory, commerce, civilization and Christianity, their Eurocentric worldview had an effect towards various groups within the world. The Europeans colonized numerous regions such as India, Canada, and Africa to help expand globalization. As they colonized these areas, it created both tragic and beneficial legacies towards the Indigenous societies. Using colonialism and globalization the Europeans were able to take control and rule by creating a dictatorship in these new areas.
When faced with 19th-century European colonialism, Japan fared the best compared to India and the Congo. The reasons behind European colonization was Industry and social darwinism. Social darwinism is the belief that certain groups of people were genetically predisposed to specific jobs and tasks. Through the theory, Europeans came to believe that because of their predisposition they had the right to rule over others, which is also known as imperialism. Imperialism can be defined as “the takeover of a country or territory by a stronger nation to dominate the political, economic, and social life of the people of that nation.” Moreover, since social darwinism supported imperialism, it, therefore, justified racism.
(Loyalka) A second economic theory that contributes to the large number people who lived in rural areas migrating to the cities is the idea of Urban Bias. Economic Development by Michael Todaro and Stephen Smith defines Urban Bias as “The notion that most governments in developing countries favor the urban sector in their development policies, thereby creating a widening gap between the urban and rural economies”(336). In other words, governments show a bias to the urban sectors and will often put more time and effort into increasing the quality of living in these areas. As a result,
Aside from economic gain, european powers were inspired to colonize overseas empires due to unrelentling ambition. The more territories a country conquered, the more glory and power were awarded. Although the conquering of overseas empires brought about political and economic advantages, colonies were often exposed to inhumane treatment and discrimination. Colonization among the European powers created a legacy of evil and egotism as many colonies suffered from the burden of European
Invasive alien plants Plants colonization is a natural phenomenon which humans have accelerated by international travels, deliberately or neglectfully transporting plant species. Invasive alien plant species (IAPS) usually cause the modification of the indigenous ecosystems through their invasive expansion. The expansion is facilitated by the propagule pressure brought about through human globalization and the IAPS competitive advantage over the native fauna (Keane and Crawley 2002; Leung et al. 2004). The competitive advantage is facilitated through habitats vulnerability (due to global climate change, overgrazing and localized nutrient enrichment), different evolutionary histories and the lack of natural enemies in the new habitat (Mack 1989; Antonio et al.
Walker’s theory of immigration confined immigration to two main purposes which are sentimental or economic causes, resulting in the increase of foreign elements and a distinctive decline in the native element of the country, also leading to an increase of the total population, (Goldenweiser, walker’s theory). Further understanding of Walker’s theory results in acknowledgment of the fact that immigrants usually seek economic prosperity, to better their life standards, to escape from prejudices and conflicts seeking safety. Immigration is controlled by laws set both internationally and nationally separately. Treatment of immigration has been under critical observation after the massive increase in the numbers of international immigrants. Ongoing debates have been on arguing over the rights of immigrants.
Globalization is the circulation of ideas and culture in a global scale. It has made the world become increasingly interconnected as a result of increased trade and cultural exchange. Culture can be defined as shared patterns of learned behaviour, attitudes and knowledge. Some of the positive impacts of globalization is that it helps spread culture globally, exposing other people to different cultures, it also instils common values and interest in people creating a more united society. However, globalization also diminishes the presence of local culture in favour of a more influential one and homogenizes society.
Be that as it may, monetary advantages might be short-run, though, in a long-run point of view, gentrification can prompt the enlarging hole between the rich and the poor in urban areas. The latter issue will prompt the deterioration of the social dependability inside urban areas. By and by, the full effect of gentrification on urban development ought to be concentrated further. Truth be told, the backing of gentrification is vital just on the state of the beneficial outcome on the urban development in any case, in reality, the danger of enlarging crevices between various social classes, in particular between the rich and the poor, may extend that may prompt the avoidance of the poor and their marginalization. In this way, the procedure of gentrification should be concentrated on in subtle elements however arrangement creators ought to contemplate the way that gentrification considerably affects the social, monetary and demographic development of present day urban
Immigrants who could afford the cost of living had better standards of living. However, without capital, the first stop for migrants were ‘slums’. Slum formation is a result of rapid urbanization and this holds ground for Bangalore since the population boom, associated with urbanization, creates a greater demand for housing than the urbanized area can offer. And since this demand cannot be met, people tend to live on unplanned and illegal property e.g. lakes, parks and open spaces.
With developing states it is better to have an authoritarian government because it allows the state to mobilize more effectively the resources necessary for industrial take off. Lee Kuan Yew took on Atul Kohli (1986) ‘cruel dilemma’ thesis where development is driven by capital accumulation. Lee cites that a country needs to be disciplined before focusing on implementing democracy. He argues how democracy should follow economic development to make it possible for countries to reach a certain level where they can enjoy living a luxuries lifestyle like those in the West. His way of developing can be seen in Ferdinand Marcos (1966) reforms in the Philippines.