Developmental Psychology Paper
Children and adolescents begin developing from the moment they are conceived, and will continue to change as they grow older. Certain aspects of a child may change as they get older while others remain consistent. Developmental researchers study these aspects and how they affect a child's or adolescent's life. The way a child develops is very different compared to when developmental studies first began. Developmental psychology became scientific once more children were surviving with advances in medicine. As children began to live longer, researchers are now able to study the changes in development. This paper will discuss recent societal changes that may affect development and the different theories about development. Many recent changes in …show more content…
Their first perspective is the psychoanalytic perspective proposed by Sigmund Freud. Freud theorized that humans were born with biologically based drives, including: hunger, sex, and aggression (Martorell, Papalia, and Feldman, 2014, pg 27). Children would learn ways to satisfy these needs in a way that is socially acceptable. Psychologists have modified some of Freud's theories to include more developmental stages than being born with an already formed personality. The second perspective is the learning perspective which includes theories from Ivan Pavlov and Albert Bandura. The learning perspective states that development results from learning, which can happen from society or the environment (Martorell, Papalia, and Feldman, 2014, pg 31). Ivan Pavlov discovered classical conditioning, which is when a person can be trained to react a certain to a stimulus that had no effect on them before. Albert Bandura developed the social learning theory in which children will learn the proper way to act by observing others. The third perspective is the cognitive perspective which includes theories from Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky. The cognitive perspective focuses on how behavior reflects certain thought processes (Martorell, Papalia, and Feldman, 2014, pg 33). Jean Piaget proposed the cognitive-stage theory which says that children learn about the world through their environment in developmental stages. Lev Vygotsky proposed the sociocultural theory which is similar to Piaget's, but says that children learn in stages through social interactions. The fourth perspective is the contextual perspective which includes Urie Bronfenbrenner's bioecological theory. The contextual perspective says that development is only understood in a social context (Martorell, Papalia, and Feldman, 2014, pg 36). The bioecological theory separates the environment into different systems that affect a child's
Piaget Vs Vygotsky Essay
490 Words | 2 PagesThe two theories I chose to discuss are Piaget’s and Vygotsky’s concepts of cognitive development. Both theories do have some similarities with each other. Piaget and Vygotsky thought differently on how high-level mental functions begin, Vygotsky stated that they started externally and then they are internalized versus Piaget who thought of high-level mental functions beginning more internally (Newman & Newman, 2015). Although they thought differently on a few things, I did notice some similarities with their theories. Each theorist discussed about how infants are able to develop some control over their environment, language and problem solving.
External Influences In Developmental Psychology
59 Words | 1 PagesDevelopmental Psychology is the study and focus on how an individual will behave or grow up to be (develop). This can can help predict one 's behavior by examining their age,the external influences around them, and way of thinking and matching them to a psychologist assertions to predict how the earliness of their childhood will affect them in the future.
Developmental Psychology: The Theories Of Prenatal Development
1101 Words | 5 PagesDevelopmental psychology is a scientific approach that describes growth, change and coherence throughout life. Developmental psychology looks at how one's thoughts, feelings and behavior change throughout his or her life. An important part of the theories within this discipline focus on development in childhood; because it is the time that elapses throughout the life of the individual when the most change occurs. Developmental psychologists examine broad theoretical domains such as biological, social, emotional, and cognitive processes. Prenatal development refers to the process of development of a baby from a single cell after pregnancy to embryo and then to a fetüs.
Psy/121-1 Developmental Psychology
170 Words | 1 PagesContinual Anxiety and Fear Can Influence a Child’s Development By John Reed PSY 121-1 Developmental Psychology October 3, 2015 Many if not all children at some point experience fears in their childhood; such fears might include fear of monsters, of the dark, strangers, and creepy crawlies. In developmental psychology these fears are normal parts of children’s progression as they age and are usually temporary. On the hand, when there are circumstances that are dangerous and constantly causing fear and anxiety they can foresee crucial long-term risks that can have detrimental issues on a child.
Psychoanalytic Theory: Theoretical Perspectives
3180 Words | 13 PagesPsychoanalytic Theoretical Views Name of theory: Psychoanalytic Theory Founder of the theory: Sigmund Freud View of human nature (include innate capacities/capabilities and motivational constructs): Sigmund Freud viewed human nature as being deterministic and influenced by both sexual energy and instincts (Corey, 2017). He further identifies that soon after birth instincts drive our desire and force internal motivations into the reality of which we live. Although unconscious desires are the driving forces of existence in the beginning, it does not remain the only force through out our lives. We begin to develop into a conscious being as we recognize the world around us. Our external world introduces the conscious mind by showing us moral code, paternal expectations, and presumptions of societal ideology.
Developmental Psychology Key Concepts
1796 Words | 8 PagesKey Concepts-Chapter 1 Human Development Developmental psychology: The study of changes in behavior and abilities since the moment that we are born until the moment that we died. Heredity (“nature”): The transmission of physical and psychological characteristics from parents to a child through genes. DNA:
Evaluate The Following Theories Of Learning Analysis
110 Words | 1 PagesPsychologists and educators emphasize different ideas and approaches regarding child development. Therefore, there are theories that can be defined as a set of principles in which the practices of an activity are based upon. With-in this particular writing I plan to describe and evaluate the following theories: maturationism, behaviorism, humanism and constructivism, which can all be identified as theories of learning. Learning is defined as a process that brings together personal and environmental experiences and influences for acquiring, enriching or modifying ones knowledge, skills, values, attitudes, behavior and world views. These theories can be applied to individuals of all ages and can be incorporated during the different stages of
The Similarities And Differences Between Freud And Piaget
802 Words | 4 PagesPiaget developed a stage theory of intellectual development that included four distinct stages: the sensorimotor stage, from birth to age 2; the preoperational stage, from age 2 to about age 7; the concrete operational stage, from age 7 to 11; and the formal operational stage, which begins in adolescence and spans into adulthood. He believed that there were four necessary ingredients for cognitive development which included: “maturation of the nervous system, experiences gained through interaction with physical world, social environment, and child’s active participation in adapting to environment & constructing knowledge from experience.” (Sullivan, 2014, Slide 3) The sensorimotor stage occurs between birth and age 2. Infants and toddlers acquire knowledge through sensory experiences and handling objects.
Contextual Theory Of Professional Development
773 Words | 4 PagesSo far in HD FS 229, we have learned about several theories that describe, explain and organize data, and make predictions addressing how children change over time. We also learned that it is important for professionals who work with children and families to be knowledgeable of these theories. Professionals may find the theories useful for everyday work, decision-making, and see themselves as better able to serve the children and families they care for. Although we learned about several different theories, one theory that I found very interesting and beneficial in aiding in understanding even my own children’s development is Contextual Theory by a Soviet developmental psychologist, Lev Vygotsky.
Four Developmental Theories
993 Words | 4 PagesIntroduction This assignment is a brief explanation of the four major developmental theories and how these theories can be taught to students in our teaching to practically apply in their daily life. This is followed by a conclusion. Erikson’s
Child Development Reflection
1081 Words | 5 PagesThese theories really expanded and informed me about child development because it dealt with the child’s thinking process as well as how they progress in life. Jean Piaget viewed child development on their efforts and how they acted upon it which geared towards conginite development. It consisted of four stages: sensorimotor,preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational. His idea of adoption correlates with my perspective because it is impressive to see how the child adapts to certain information. Also with his perspective of the four cognitive stages due to the child’s life span “mental operations evolve from learning based on simple sensory and motor activity to logical, abstract thought” due their development as the years go by (Martorell, 2013, pg.
Developmental Psychology: The Five Stages Of Human Development
954 Words | 4 Pagesntroduction Human development is studied by the broad field of psychology and within the subfield of developmental psychology. Developmental psychology is defined as the study of stability and change throughout the life course. It has proposed the idea that all humans follow a predictable developmental trajectory (Neil 2006). The process of human development begins from infancy to old age. The first half of human development from infancy to adolescent is a phase of growth or maturity.
Eight Major Theories Of Developmental Science
1274 Words | 6 PagesChapter 1 (History, Theory, and Research Strategies) – 7/10/2017 This chapter was a fantastic introduction to the different developmental theories and how they have changed with time. It provided a basic understanding of the how development has been studied, and what factors have been identified as playing a role in one’s development. I want to focus on the eight major theories of developmental science. But first, what is developmental science? Developmental science is a multifaceted field of study committed to the understanding of human constancy and changes throughout life.
Developmental Psychology: The Implication Of Child Psychology
883 Words | 4 PagesIMPLICATION OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY: Developmental psychology is a scientific approach which aims to explain that how children and adults change with time. A significant proportion of theories within this discipline focus upon development during childhood, as this is the period during an individual 's lifespan when the most change occurs. Developmental psychologists study a wide range of theoretical areas, such as biological, social, emotion, and cognitive processes. Normative development is typically viewed as a continual and cumulative process.
Theories That Attempt To Explain Psychological And Physical Development Of Children
254 Words | 2 PagesTheories that attempt to explain psychological and physical developments of children are divided into two categories; continuous and discontinuous development. Continuous development theorists and theories argue that development is a continuous process where one stage of development builds a base for development of the next stage. The discontinuous theories of development, on the other hand, argue that development is a discontinuous process that happens in stages. Each stage has its own characteristics such as the way of thinking and emotions which start and end at a particular point. Children’s progress may be viewed from both dimensions.
More about Developmental Psychology Paper
Piaget Vs Vygotsky Essay
490 Words | 2 PagesExternal Influences In Developmental Psychology
59 Words | 1 PagesDevelopmental Psychology: The Theories Of Prenatal Development
1101 Words | 5 PagesPsy/121-1 Developmental Psychology
170 Words | 1 PagesPsychoanalytic Theory: Theoretical Perspectives
3180 Words | 13 PagesDevelopmental Psychology Key Concepts
1796 Words | 8 PagesEvaluate The Following Theories Of Learning Analysis
110 Words | 1 PagesThe Similarities And Differences Between Freud And Piaget
802 Words | 4 PagesContextual Theory Of Professional Development
773 Words | 4 PagesFour Developmental Theories
993 Words | 4 PagesChild Development Reflection
1081 Words | 5 PagesDevelopmental Psychology: The Five Stages Of Human Development
954 Words | 4 PagesEight Major Theories Of Developmental Science
1274 Words | 6 PagesDevelopmental Psychology: The Implication Of Child Psychology
883 Words | 4 PagesTheories That Attempt To Explain Psychological And Physical Development Of Children
254 Words | 2 Pages