Developmental Theories Of Piaget, Vygotsky And Burner

In the name of God

Cognitive theories of learning

Introduction

Both cognitive psychologists and philosophers have been interested in cognitive and learning. The aim of this paper to analyze the developmental theories of Piaget, Vygotsky and Burner as they contend with cognitive development.

What is learning?

We use the term 'learning ' during our life. But the term learning is a distinct term in the educational psychology field. Learning is a step by step process of gaining new information and skills. Learning is not obligatory; it is contextual (Schacter, Gilbert , & Wegner, 2011). It does not occur suddenly, but builds on prior knowledge. Thus, learning may be considered as a process, instead of a set of accurate and practical knowledge. From a cognitive learning perspective, learning involves the transformation of information in the environment into knowledge that is stored in the mind.

Cognitive theories of learning

Swiss development psychologist John Piaget (1896-1980) was one of the first people to examine cognitive development systematically. Based on Piaget 's theory, children have a fundamental mental structure on which all subsequent learning and knowledge is based. In Piaget 's view, children think differently compared to adults. Piaget proposed four stages of cognitive development.

The first stage proposed by Piaget is the sensorimotor stage. This stage starts at birth until 24 months of age. During this stage, an infant 's knowledge of the world is limited