Marxian Criticism and the Rise of Postmodernism

the first part will discuss the principles of modernity in General . the second part will discuss the technology in industry and the workers conditions after the industrial revolution. The third part will discuss the technology in industry through the case study in German. The last part will discuss the workers conditions in capitalist society and the child labor . this paper will use a part of Marx 's theory about capitalism .

I began with a Hegelian notion of alienation, but have since developed a more materialist conception. I have come to the conclusion that capitalism is what mediates social relationships of production through commodities, including labour, that are bought and sold on the market. Connection between persons such as workers or between workers and capitalists is corrupted. The possibility that one may give up ownership of one 's own labour, one 's capacity to transform the world, is tantamount to being alienated from one 's own nature. This loss is a prime example of false consciousness, the scenario where the ideology of the ruling class is embodied willfully by a subordinate class.

Their stories are about the failure of modern social existence. also the story of the effects of living in a society operating at a high level of production and consumption. In their lives, there are two kinds of the wall: the physical boundaries prison, and the psychological walls which institute in order to defend themselves from requests to change. They represent all the victims of greedy capitalism, demanding, mechanical

He explicates that “the despotism of custom is everywhere the standing hindrance to human advancement, being in unceasing antagonism to that disposition to aim at something better than customary, which is called … the spirit of liberty, or that of progress, or improvement” (Mill 69). Here, Mill presents a contrary opinion to Burke by problematizing the overbearingness of what is customary, and positing that humans are progressive beings. Now, while Burke is not necessarily arguing against all forms of change, his framework criticizes the revolutionary manner of change in its abruptness and haste. However, in accordance with Mill, such revolutionary change is a part of the momentum of the spirit of liberty in its alteration of an oppressive system. Additionally, by destabilizing tradition, humanity appeals to its own originality and individuality by progressing to better forms of living.

Socialism was influenced heavily by the writings of Karl Marx, during the time of the industrial revolution, which was essentially the beginning of modern capitalism. He saw that society as it was, was unfair and that the bourgeoisie (upper ruling class) used their mass amounts of

The last element is its hostility to humanism. Zagorin states that Postmodernism, or the Cultural Logic of Late Capitalism,” by Frederic Jameson will be useful to look at for understanding the postmodern concept. Jameson says that postmodernism is neither a fad nor one of a number of trends or styles. He feels that it is a product of a variety of contemporary cultural arts. Zagorin feels that Ankersmit turns away from the past, and rejects evidence, feeling that it is only interpretations of other historians.

It is argued that social inequality occurs because of the conflict between the upper-class and the working-class, or as Marx defines it, the Bourgeoisie and the Proletariat. Based on the Manifesto of the Communist Party (Marx and Engels, 1848), the divergence emerges because the aim of the Bourgeoisie is to obtain a surplus-value that is produced by the work of the Proletariat. On the other side, the Bourgeoisie provides the Proletariat with the minimum required, such as a place to live and a minimum wage, in order to keep the society under control and avoid a rebellion. However, Marx did predict a revolt of the working-class that would eventually lead to a communist regime. When it comes to applying this theoretical approach to reality, it is evident to notice that no global revolt in regards to capitalism has occurred.

In Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid's Tale, humanity is portrayed as a cyclically flawed being. Through the use of extended metaphors, allusions, and flashback descriptions of the past, the world created is meant to reflect reality and the shifts in societies as they occur. However, Atwood’s ultimate purpose is to not only show that nations and cultures collapse and rise in the place of their ancestors, but that this constant push and pull is created by man’s own inability to change. The depicted, pre-Gilead world shows possible flaws in the generally left-trending political avenues of society, and represents the current world as a whole. Just as in the real world, this fictional world sees an increasing comfort level with sex and businesses

Comparison of Communism and Socialism Introduction: Communism and Socialism which are regarded as the two different shades of Marxism are often used inter-changeably. Both the systems are opposed to the capitalistic system and share some similarities as well as differences in their approaches. The theory of Communism developed by German philosopher Karl Marx, is both a political and an economic system that is based on the collective ownership of the production of goods. The word Communism has been originated from a Latin word meaning “common”. Communism rejects individual ownership of industry, and promotes the manufacture of goods in order to satisfy the basic needs of the economy and the people.

Writings of Karl Marx had formed the theoretical basis for communism and the continual debate against capitalism. Marx understood capitalism to be a system in which the means of production are privately owned and profit is generated by the sale of the proletariat’s labour. He considered it to be an unfair exploitation of hard work with alienated social interactions and purpose. I agree with Marx that capitalism is indeed unfair and alienating, because it concentrates wealth within a small group of people by exploiting the surplus value of workers’ labour, and creates an alienated workforce. Hence, this essay will first discuss the relevance of Marx’s perception of capitalism as an alienating and unfair system for the contemporary world, before examining the potential of governments to influence the extent of alienation and unfairness that occurs.