University of the People
Written Assignment Unit 5
Explain the difference between implicit and explicit costs. Give two examples of when an explicit cost is different from an implicit cost.
Explicit costs are those costs that are clearly stated and recorded whereas implicit costs are those that are implied, unstated but have been understood as a necessary component economically. These are opportunity costs, benefits forgone by not using the factor of production in the next most profitable way. According to Openstax (20160, they represent the opportunity cost of using resources already owned by the firm (p. 1590). Explicit Cost can be simply be said as the cost incurred by the organization during production while Implicit Cost are cost the organization
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They are often incurred regardless of whether or not revenue is tied to it or not or it could be the cost of resources that are not being charged directly to the firm at all. This is not so with explicit costs.
In your own words, explain the difference between accounting and economic profit. Give two examples of when they differ.
Accounting profits are sales revenues minus explicit cost of a business whereas economic profit consists of sales revenue minus explicit and implicit costs. The difference is on the fact that economic profit substances implicit cost too, while accounting profit may include depreciation.
For example, if I run a business and sells goods worth $10,000, the cost of sales being $4,500. If the premises used for the business could be put to alternative use for rent earning $1,000. And the capital if invested in the bank will earn me $1,500 interest. In addition to that suppose i was employed where am earning $2,500. The difference in accounting gross profit and the economic profit or loss earned can be calculated as follows:- $ $
Sales
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167). A firm experience economies of scale when an increase in the scale of production results in a more than proportionate increase in output. These economies might be defined according to Grant (2000) as those aspects of increasing size which lead to falling long-run average costs. This show that, economies of scale only occur in the long run because they are associated with alteration of some or all of the firm’s fixed factors or where all inputs are being allowed to increase together (OpenStax, 2016, p. 170) to produce. In economics, economies of scale are also understood to be classified either internal (within the firm0 or external economies (originating outside the
The cash flow statement shows how cash comes in and disperses out from the financing, investing, and operating groups over a period of time. The heading in the statement of cash flows is similar to that of the balance sheet, income statement, and statement of stockholders’ equity by displaying the name of the entity, title of the statement, specific date of the statement, and unit of measure. Cash flows from operating, investing, and financing activities, positive or negative, over the change in cash plus the beginning cash balance, gives accountants the ending cash balance (Bethel,
In accrual accounting, income is recorded when a sale is made and expenses are recorded when goods or services are received. If payment is made in advance for services to be completed in the next tax year, tax payment can be delayed until that next
These costs can be both personnel and non-personnel and both direct and
Matthew Yarian ACCT 515 Unit 3 9/17/2016 Chapter 4 4-15) Since many of the indirect cost occurred during a year are not known until the end of the year or accounting period companies use predetermined cost driver rates. In establishing predetermined cost driver rates one must choose a cost driver such as labor and/or machine hours for example. Using a predetermined cost driver gives a company a tool to help keep expenses in proportion with sales and production volumes which allows them to make important decisions about products. 4-18)
These could include equipment purchased with one formal amount and then continuing to collect a depreciation expense. After the store calculates the non-cash expenses, the managers must adjust the cash flow statement for the gains and losses on sales and assets. If the demand of an item were to decrease, the managers would need to take this into consideration. The store would then need to add back its losses as well as, subtract out the gains for the cash flow statement. While the managers need to add the non-cash expenses, they also need to account for changes in all non-cash assets.
Capital One does a variety of things to turn a profit. Like most banks they give out loans, let people invest, and they
The indirect cost consist that of social, economic and healthcare related costs, which are difficult to
After reviewing the income statement, I can notice Lucky Leotis that when completing your financial statement, you lacked in following the rules of GAAPS. For this reason, your monthly income was higher then it should have been. I have attached the corrected copy and will explain the errors that you have made. When you had recorded the amount of interest revenue, you lacked to recognize that you were supposed to state the amount of revenue applicable for only that period (monthly). You had recorded the value of interest that you had to pay for the investment for the whole year, $ 7800, rather than stating the amount for the 16 days when it was initially purchased which was $ 335.48.
The two factors that demonstrate that the traditional system may produce estimates that are different than that of the unit cost are high overheads and indirect cost
Second would be the material cost. Even though a university provides more services than actual goods, the material cost would be equipment and supplies for the university and students to operate. Lastly, the third phase would be miscellaneous or any other cost that is not labor or material. One great example that would fall under this category would be
Abby prefers to allocate indirect cost using activity-based costing for these orders, but recognizes that not all costs are driven by volume of output. Abby prepares a
It usually correlates with business affairs since the contractual agreements and financial obligations of the departments are parallel between the both of them. In order to make money, the record company takes money and the accounting department estimates the budgeting requirements for each department. Usually, the record label creates a complex forecast model that calculates profitability. The accounting departments conducts an analysis based on the Profit and Loss report. What is the ‘Profit and Loss statement’?
Historical inventory “cost” is used in applying the lower of cost or net realizable value over the entire period that the inventory is held. Write-downs are reversed as selling prices rise. Over the entire period of an enterprise, the amount of expense and profit are the same in the income statement on US GAAP and IFRS. However, the inventory and cost of goods sold balances can vary dramatically in any given period.
INTRODUCTION Economic growth is defined as the increased capacity of an economy to be able to produce goods and services in comparison from one period of time to another. This is figured by the genuine Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and development, and is measured by utilizing genuine terms such as “Balanced Inflation”. These terms help to remove any distorted views on the perceived outcome of inflation on the cost of merchandises produced. Likewise, Economic growth is related to the high expectations in a person’s standard of living. If the standards are high, it wouldn’t be beneficial for the economy as the working class individuals will face a lot of trouble.