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Long Work Hours Relationship

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Although overtime work and long work hours are obviously related, they are not identical. Based on the dictionary of the European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions, our definition of overtime work is: all work hours that an employee works on top of his/her contractual work hours. For fulltimers then, overtime work coincides with long work hours (e.g., 40 contractual work hours and 10 overtime hours). However, part-timers can also work extra hours on top of their contractual hours, which does not usually result in long work hours (e.g., working 24 contractual hours and 10 overtime hours; see also section 1.5) In studies on the health effects of overtime work, the concepts of long work hours and overtime have often been used interchangeably (e.g., Kawakami & Haratani, 1999; Nakanishi et al., 2001; Park, Kim, Cho, et al., 2001; Spurgeon, Harrington, & Cooper, 1997). One should realize, however, that although these concepts are indeed intertwined, they are not identical. Long work hours can be defined as work hours …show more content…

The limited previous research on this topic indicates that mandatory (i.e. low overtime control, involuntary) overtime workers had relatively low job satisfaction and high work-home interference (Golden & Wiens-Tuers, 2005), and that the mandatory nature of overtime work can offset the otherwise greater happiness produced by its additional income (Golden & Wiens-Tuers, 2006). In a similar vein, Tucker and Rutherford (2005) found overtime work to be related to impaired health only among respondents who worked overtime in response to pressure (i.e. “low overtime control”) and who lacked social

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