Two Nation Theory Analysis

Throughout the early 1900 's the people of India worked to gain their independence from Great Britain. The prominent Indian activist, Mohandas Gandhi, led many Indians in peaceful marches and boycotts promoting home-rule. When British views towards imperialism changed after World War II, it seemed that independence was finally in sight for India.

In February of 1947 the British Prime Minister, Clement Attlee, announced that Britain would turn over the government of India to the Indian people by June of 1948. Attlee met with Jawaharlal Nehru of the Congress party and Mohammad Ali Jinnah of the Muslim League to discuss who would rule India after independence. A major problem came to his attention.

India 's Hindus and Muslims were bitterly divided.

Hindu Nationalism

6. Social Differences

7. Economics Differences

8. Hindi Urdu Controversy

9. Congress Attitude

10. Language

Meaning of Two Nation Theory

The Two Nation Theory in its simplest way means the cultural, political, religious, economic and social dissimilarities between the two major communities. Hindus and Muslims of the Sub Continent. These difference of out look, in fact, were greatly instrumental in giving rise to two distinct political ideologies which were responsible for the partition of India into two independent states.

The Basis Of The Creation Of Pakistan

The Two Nation Theory was the basis of the struggle for creation of Pakistan which held that Hindus and Muslims are two separate Nations. They in spite of living together for centuries could not forget their individual cultures and civilization. Al-Beruni recorded his ideas in 1001 A.D in his famous book "Kitab-ul-Hind" as:

"The Hindus society maintained this peculiar character over the centuries. The two societies, Hindus and Muslims, like two streams have sometimes touched but never merged, each following its separate course."

There are a few factors which split the inhabitants of the Sub Continent into two Nations. Let us examine each of them

5.Hindu Nationalism

A number of Hindu nationalist movements, which emerged from time to time in the Indian history ,added fuel to the fire by playing up the tension and antagonism which already existed between the two communities.

The Hindu nationalist leaders totally ignored the great contribution made by the Muslims in the indian society by way of promoting education and other social activities. Their writings and ideas flared up the communal discord between Hindus and Muslims to further pollute the political condition.

6.Social Differences

The two communities of the Sub Continent differ in their social life as well. The clothes, the foods, the household utensils, the layout of homes, the words of salutation, the gestures and every thing about them was different and immediately pointed to their distinctive origin.

7.Economics Differences

After 1857,the Muslim economic was crushed and all trade policies were framed in such a way so as to determent the Muslim condition .They were thrown out of Government services and the their estates and properties were confiscated, while the Hindus were provided with ample opportunities to progress