Essay On Tetragametic Chimerism
fertility and type of offspring depends on which cell line gave rise to the ovaries or testes; varying degrees of intersex differences may result if one set of cells is genetically female and another genetically male.
Tetragametic chimerism
Tetragametic chimerism is a form of congenital chimerism. This condition occurs through the fertilisation of two separate ova by two sperm, followed by aggregation of the two at the blastocyst or zygote stages. This results in the development of an organism with intermingled cell lines. Put another way, the chimera is formed from the merging of two nonidentical twins (a similar merging presumably occurs with identical twins, but as their genotypes are not significantly distinct, the resulting individual would not be considered a chimera). As such, they can be male, female, or have mixed intersex characteristics.[citation needed]
As the organism develops, it can come to possess organs that have different sets of chromosomes. For example, the chimera may have a liver composed of cells with one set of chromosomes and have a kidney composed of cells with a second set of chromosomes. This has occurred in humans, and at one time was thought to be extremely rare, though more recent evidence suggests that it is not the case.[1][4]
This is particularly true for the
…show more content…
Most chimeras composed of both male and female cells probably do not have an intersex condition, as might be expected if the two cell populations were evenly blended throughout the body. Often, most or all of the cells of a single cell type will be composed of a single cell line, i.e. the blood may be composed predominantly of one cell line, and the internal organs of the other cell line. Genitalia produce the hormones responsible for other sex characteristics. If the sex organs are homogeneous, the individual will not be expected to exhibit any intersex traits.[citation
Chhihua Unique Species
394 Words | 2 PagesWith further research I learned of gamatic isolation and preyzgotic barriers, which is the reason as to why simply put, differing species are just not able to create hybrid organisms of the two. The first barrier to hybrid and chimera creation is preyzgotic barriers, which limit the chances of different species from even coming into contact with one another. Prezygotic barriers can include factors such as differing mating rituals, and differing environments. However, if two species successfully manage to make contact with one another, gamatic isolation is the reason as to why the said egg and sperm cannot successfully combine, therefore making crossbreeding with certain species is simply
Born Gay Argumentative Essay
1270 Words | 6 PagesFor example, girls born with congenital adrenal hyperplasia...show relatively high rates of same-sex attractions as adults” (Rahman). There are also studies in neuroscience that show that “patterns of brain organization appear similar between gay men and heterosexual women and between lesbian women and heterosexual men” (Rahman). Independent research groups have also conducted research on twins to try to figure out patterns in sexuality and have found that “genetic factors explain about 25-30% of the differences between people in sexual orientation”
Dana Zzyym Case Study
1211 Words | 5 PagesThis past October an intersex U.S. Navy veteran, Dana Zzyym, gained national attention after they were denied a passport. Zzyym identifies as neither male nor female, so they were denied the right to a passport after refusing to select a gender box on the application. After the denial Zzyym filed a federal discrimination lawsuit on the grounds that it is a constitutional violation to force an intersex person to select a gender box. Their argument is that gender, or lack of thereof, has nothing to do with travel, so why should it restrict or force people to declare a gender marker they do not identify as. Zzyym’s case finally brings to light how significant two little boxes can truly be, especially for those who live their lives outside
Nt1310 Lab 1
401 Words | 2 PagesDuring random fertilization, no gamete has a greater chance than the other with fusing together in sperm and zygote fusion. These processes contribute to the production of genetic variety because of the many opportunities of unique combinations, unlike the process of mitosis, in which identical daughter cells are always the
L. Olivacea Essay
653 Words | 3 PagesFor as far back as history can see scientists have been working to uncover and categorize different organisms as they relate to groups we are currently aware of. One of the many conflicts with naming newly discovered groups is that our system for classifying is still developing. There are blurred lines and special exceptions that make scientists question what really determines a group of organisms as it’s own species. When discussing distinct species what most commonly comes up is the factor of reproduction, more accurately reproductive isolation. They are able to interbreed with individuals in their species, but produced infertile offspring when mating with other closely related groups (Cawley, 1).
Siamese Twins
864 Words | 4 PagesIf a woman releases the two eggs that are fertilized by separate sperm, the woman will have identical twins. In this case, a woman produces only a single egg, which does not fully separate after fertilization. The embryo that developed begins to split into identical twins during the first three weeks after conception, but it will stop before the process is complete. The separated egg will develop into a conjoined fetus. There are different types of conjoined twins, and the treatment of the twins is unique and the separation is very complex.
Argumentative Essay On Gender Identity
1045 Words | 5 PagesGender is it a concept or is it made apparent by our DNA when you are born or does it change as you grow older? Often gender is something that society defines at birth. According to society certain gender roles are pre established when we are born. The majority of society believes that if you are born to a specific gender you should adhere to the gender roles while other people believe that instead we may be born to a gender but it does not always decide if you are that gender. Science has proven that just because you are born a male or female does not mean that you mentally see yourself as that gender.
Does Genetics Have To With Evolution
736 Words | 3 PagesSex is important to genetic variation it can introduce gene combos that the population haven’t seen. So if you are tall and have lighter hair, and your dad is tall and
Nature Vs Nurture Gender
1387 Words | 6 PagesHamna Iqbal Baig Ms. Maria Kamal English Writing Skills November 26th, 2014 Outline Nature vs. Nurture Thesis statement: Nurture dominates nature in determining gender roles. Gender roles are socially constructed and are acquired through the process of socialization. . Nature is a key determinant of gender roles.
Marxism And Gender Inequality
1139 Words | 5 PagesSex and gender are the two terms used for identification of masculinity and femininity among humans in our daily life. Sex is the biological term that determines the biological and “anatomical” differences between male and female species. It also clarifies the primary and secondary sex characteristics a person should have in order to be male or female. However, gender is a socially and culturally constructed term that delineates the distinction between men and women and their roles in the society. Gender is also used to organize relationships between man and women in social life.
Asexual Reproduction Biology
898 Words | 4 PagesCrossing over (exchanging DNA among chromosomes), independent assortment (alleles separating during gamete production), and random fertilization or ways that genetic diversity can occur during meiosis. Crossing over occurs in prophase, independent assortment occurs in metaphase and anaphase, and fertilization occurs in meiosis 2. 4 unique daughter cells.
Facts About Twins Research Paper
1244 Words | 5 PagesIt’s rare, but it is possible for a woman to release two eggs during ovulation and then get impregnated by two different men at the same time — also known as heteropaternal superfecundation. In fact, about 1 to 2 per cent of all fraternal twins have different dads, Hilda Hutcherson, MD, clinical professor of obstetrics and gynecology at Columbia University, recently told Today. Heteropaternal superfecundation can also be the result of a botched fertilization procedure. In one particularly shocking case, Dutch couple Wilma and Willem Stuart were surprised when they welcomed twin baby boys to the world — one was white and one was black. A year and a half later, the couple discovered that another man’s sperm had accidently been mixed with Mr. Stuart’s during the in vitro process.
Mitosis And Meiosis Similarities
415 Words | 2 PagesYet another similarity in these two reproduction forms, is that chromatids are split in both. Additionally, for both to occur, centrioles are needed. These similarities show how these processes are alike, but there is also many distinct differences.
Pros And Cons Of Pediatrician And Urologist
1367 Words | 6 PagesWhile it is the most common intersex condition, the possibility of the child being CAH is much smaller 1/8. To further provide relief, the chances of two children born with CAH (one right after the other) are 2/25000, which is miniscule and rare to happen (CAH
The Vagina Homogeneity
11369 Words | 46 PagesCONTENTS PROLOGUE vi _________________________ Chapter 1. VAGINA ANATOMY 3 _________________________ Chapter2. HOMOGENEOUS NOT HETEROGENEOUS 7 _________________________ Chapter3.
More about Essay On Tetragametic Chimerism
Chhihua Unique Species
394 Words | 2 PagesBorn Gay Argumentative Essay
1270 Words | 6 PagesDana Zzyym Case Study
1211 Words | 5 PagesNt1310 Lab 1
401 Words | 2 PagesL. Olivacea Essay
653 Words | 3 PagesSiamese Twins
864 Words | 4 PagesArgumentative Essay On Gender Identity
1045 Words | 5 PagesDoes Genetics Have To With Evolution
736 Words | 3 PagesNature Vs Nurture Gender
1387 Words | 6 PagesMarxism And Gender Inequality
1139 Words | 5 PagesAsexual Reproduction Biology
898 Words | 4 PagesFacts About Twins Research Paper
1244 Words | 5 PagesMitosis And Meiosis Similarities
415 Words | 2 PagesPros And Cons Of Pediatrician And Urologist
1367 Words | 6 PagesThe Vagina Homogeneity
11369 Words | 46 Pages