Discuss The Advantages And Disadvantages Of Cement
3. COMPOSITION OF CONCRETE Cement and sand ready to be mixed.
There are many types of concrete available, created by varying the proportions of the main ingredients below.
The mix design depends on the type of structure being built, how the concrete will be mixed and delivered, and how it will be placed to form this structure.
Cement
Portland cement is the most common type of cement in general usage. It is a basic ingredient of concrete, mortar, and plaster. English engineer Joseph Aspdin patented Portland cement in 1824; it was named because of its similarity in colour to Portland limestone, quarried from the English Isle of Portland and used extensively in London architecture. It consists of a mixture of oxides of calcium, silicon and aluminium. Portland cement and similar materials are made by heating limestone (a source of calcium) with clay, and grinding this product (called clinker) with a source of sulfate (most commonly gypsum). The manufacture of Portland cement creates about 5 percent of human CO2 emissions. Water
Combining water with a cementitious material forms a cement paste by the process of hydration. The cement paste glues the aggregate together, fills voids within it, and allows it to flow more freely.
Less water in the cement paste will yield a stronger, more durable concrete; more water will give a freer-flowing concrete with a higher slump.
Impure water used to make concrete can cause problems when setting or in
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