PARAMETERS FOR ANALYSIS
1. ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY
2. DISSOLVED OXYGEN TEST
3. BIOLOGICAL OXYGEN DEMAND TEST
4. CHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND TEST
5. PH
6. TOTAL DISSOLVED SOLIDS
BOD TEST
5ml of waste water sample was introduced into the 300 ml of BOD bottle. The lid of bottle was tightened so that no air bubble could reside in it. It was then sealed and after that addition of deionized water was carried out in the bottle.
At the beginning stage of calculating BOD by using dissolved oxygen meter, value of the dissolved oxygen was found to be 8mg/L.
After this, bottle was to be left in the incubator for five days.
After five days, final value of dissolved oxygen was again measured by using the DO meter. It was found to be about 4mg/L.
Value of BOD was then calculated by putting the
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• In order to stabilize the reactor and colorimeter both of these instruments are turned on.
• Sulphuric acid and acetone were added to the 2mL of waste water sample and in this way value of COD was calculated.
• The sample was then shaked well and then it was shifted to the reactor block for about two hours.
• After that it was kept in the cooling rack for 15 minutes.
TDS TEST
• An analytical balance of about 0.0001 g was used.
• 250 mL of clean beaker was used.
• 100 mL of the filtrate from the given sample was added to the beaker.
• Hot plate was then used for evaporating the water sample and to maintain it dryness.
• This evaporation was carried out slowly.
• As a result of heating, vaporization or decomposition of some of the dissolved solids occurred but not completely.
• Samples were heated in such a way that over heating may not occur.
• After the samples got dry, weight of the solids present within the containers was again determined. These solids particles were dissolved in 1000 mL of
For this lab, zeolite and magnetized zeolite were synthesized and compared with charcoal to find out with would be the most effective in the sequestering of Procion Red dye. Finding the concentration and absorbance of each zeolite, magnetized zeolite, and charcoal, along with a calibration curve, the best adsorbent is determined. Charcoal was the overall best sequestration of the Procion Red dye, since the adsorbent was highest compared to the others. Introduction Pollution has increased in the environment over the years, so the purpose of this experiment is to find the best adsorbent of chemicals to reduce the pollution.
Goals The primary goal of this experiment was to identify an unknown compound by running various tests to determine the qualitative solubility, conductivity, and pH value of the compound. Tests were also performed for the presence of specific cations and anions in the compound. The second goal was to discover the reactivity of the unknown compound by reacting it with different types of substances. The third goal of this project was to calculate the quantitative solubility of the unknown compound in water.
The appearance after this period resulted in another color change back to white. The crucible, lid, and hydrated copper sulfate was weighed again to calculate the mass of water lost by dehydration (described in table 1.3). This was done by subtracting the final mass by the initial mass of the crucible, lid, and compound. The mass of the crucible would remain unchanged while the mass of the compound would be altered. This trial was repeated 3 times and 1 extra set of data was taken from 2 separate groups to include
The built-in probe in the chamber measured the dissolved oxygen concentration in the chamber’s water (mg/L), which could reflect the oxygen consumption rate of goldfish. After the fish accommodated to the new environment, the oxygen concentration data were collected every 20 seconds for 10 minutes by the Logger Lite program. The data were then plotted into a scatter chart and analyzed with a linear trendline, to obtain
3mL of the liquid in each of the vials were added into cuvettes and measured in the spectrophotometer. Before each time point the photo spectrometer was zeroed using a cuvette with 3mL of distilled water. If any of the results were considered unusual the machine was zeroed again and the sample was retested. The results from the spectrophotometer test were recorded in a table. The experiment was repeated six times to gain a sample size of six.
Introduction The intent of this experiment is to understand how hot and cold water interact with each other by combining clear hot water and black ice cold water. I hope to learn more about how hot and cold water interact with each other. As of now, I know that cold water is denser than hot water. Knowing this I formed my hypothesis.
Oxygen was being consumed and carbon dioxide was being released because the water level in test tube “G” continued to
Like how the temperature affected how long it took for the tablet to react to the water, if there is only one drop water used to dissolve the whole tablet, the time it takes for the whole tablet to react to the water and start to dissolve will be
In this lab when looking at cells, we observed the salinity and osmolarity of the cell when placed in the environment. With the different concentrations of NaCl, we are able to see how different environment can constrain an organism and see the wide range of responses to regulate in cell’s osmolarity. The cells we studied was sheep red blood cells (erythrocyte), because they are the most studied membrane system and therefore used as ideal membrane to study the relationship between water and the passing of the different concentration of NaCl across the membrane. The purpose of the experiment was to observe the cell and infer which direction of the flow of the water due to the cell volume change.
There are multiple points both at 43°C and at 72°C which indicates that liquid was collected at these temperatures. Based on this information, it would appear that two different liquids were present in solution and that one liquid has a boiling point of approximately 43°C and that the other has a boiling point of approximately 72°C. The literature value boiling point for DCM in is reported to be about 40°C and it is about 80°C for cyclohexane. Based on the graph, DCM was collected from 4 ml to 22 ml, thus 18 ml of DCM was collected.
In this experiment, the amount of water lost in the 0.99 gram sample of hydrated salt was 0.35 grams, meaning that 35.4% of the salt’s mass was water. The unknown salt’s percent water is closest to that of Copper (II) Sulfate Pentahydrate, or CuSO4 ⋅ 5H2O. The percent error from the accepted percent water in CuSO4 ⋅ 5H2O is 1.67%, since the calculated value came out to be 0.6 less than the accepted value of 36.0%.This lab may have had some issues or sources of error, including the possibility of insufficient heating, meaning that some water may not have evaporated, that the scale was uncalibrated, or that the evaporating dish was still hot while being measured. This would have resulted in convection currents pushing up on the plate and making it seem lighter by lifting it up
Standardization of NaOH solution The prepared solution in part A was used to determine the acidity of the two different brands of soft drinks. But before it, the NaOH solution was standardized first. A 0.15 g of potassium acid phthalate was dissolved in 0.05 L of water in an Erlenmeyer flask. Afterwards, 3 drops of phenolphthalein was added.
Practical I: Acid-base equilibrium & pH of solutions Aims/Objectives: 1. To determine the pH range where the indicator changes colour. 2. To identify the suitable indicators for different titrations. 3.
A clean 250-mL beaker was taken and around 0.3 to 0.5 g of potassium acid phthalate was weighed into it. 50 mL of distilled water was approximately added to this 250 mL beaker and gently swirled so that the solid (potassium acid phthalate) got fully dissolved into the water. 2 drops of phenolphthalein indicator solution was added to the beaker. The pH electrode was calibrated using the pH buffers.
The chemical equation for this experiment is hydrochloric acid + sodium thiosulphate + deionised water (ranging from 25ml to 0ml in 5ml intervals) sodium chloride + deionised water (ranging from 25ml to 0ml in 5ml intervals) + sulphur dioxide + sulphur. As a scientific equation, this would be written out as, NA2S2O3 + 2HCL + H2O (ranging from 25ml to 0ml in