Planet Assay Lab Report
12. CHAPTER 7
12.1. DNA DAMAGE
12.1.1. INTRODUCTION
Toxic metal pollutants in marine water tend to increase steadily thereby representing the greatest hazard to aquatic organism. Investigations on the toxic effect of metals upon bivalves is accompanied by the analysis of changes in nucleic acid indices (Hoyle et al., 2007). Comet assay, as method for detecting DNA alterations and micronucleus test, as an index of chromosomal damage are the most widely applied for genotoxicity biomarkers.A number of studies were carried out to evaluate therole of oxyradical metabolism in inducing genotoxicdamage associated with different pollution gradients.Several biomarkers, including DNA integrity, damage, oxidized bases, oxyradical metabolism and the impairment of lysosomal membrane stability, were appliedin haemocytes of mussels Mytilus galloprovincialiscaged for four weeks in Genova harbour IT. Organismswere collected at different time intervals to
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The fluctuations of DNA strand breakswere analysed in mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis,seasonally sampled over a three year period from a reference site along the Adriatic coast, showing changes inDNA damage extent in haemocytes, with marked differences between various sampling years (Pisanelli et al.,2009).A biomonitoring study was carried out in KaštelaBay and the neighbouring Trogir Bay, Croatia, using themicronucleus test and Comet assay in haemocytes fromnative and caged mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis. Theresults show increased DNA damage along a pollutiongradient with higher levels in caged mussels than innative ones. (Klobucar et
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