Dual Labour Market In Canada

Introduction

Nowadays, human capital is increasingly taking seriously important part in today’s world. Skilled workers could be a powerful weapon to maintain or rise status and promote the competition advantages in globalized economy. However, the countries like Canada with sparse population, which is an obstacle to economic development. Indeed, the one of the most efficient ways to relieve the pressure from shortage of skilled labour force is immigration. As Canada did in past decades, it relies on geographic advantage such as rich in natural resources, superior livable environmental condition. Besides, Canada has diverse cultural background, advanced healthcare and education, and so on. The national image of Canada evolves to one of the most

Also, evidences from Statistics Canada (2007), it observed that there is negative relationship between the level of immigration and the wages of this population. To discover and analyze the factors which affect the immigrants’ job matching and earnings, employment discrimination is inevitable to be considered. Raluca Buzdugan and Shiva S. Halli (2009) introduced the “dual labor market theories” for labor market discrimination. In brief, labor market could be divided into two parts – primary labor market (good job) and secondary labour market (bad job) in this theory. It claims that dual labor market theories hinder the talented worker to access primary labor market as a result of the status of immigrants. Moreover, they indicated foreign degrees had a lower economic return than the same level of domestic degrees. Canadian credential as criterion takes a more important role than educational degree in determining employee’s ability. They mentioned spilt labor market theory which same qualitied works, but different wages between native-born and immigrants. The reason of causing that situation is different origins labor prices in history (Bonacich,1979). Besides the discrimination, the foreign credentials worth less value than Canadian credential is resulting in lacking of professional and

The younger immigrants have more competitive advantages than older immigrants in job earnings (Anisef, Sweet, and Frempong,2003). Although most factors explain the difficulties that immigrants encounter in the Canadian labour market, there still some positive factors. Professional immigrants who are proficient in Canada’s official languages would play a critical role in finding matching jobs. As Kristyn Frank stated, there is closely positive relationship between proficiency in English and employment satisfaction for