The author, Jeanne Wakatsuki, presents a meaningful story filled with experiences that shaped not only her life, but shaped the lives of thousands of Japanese families living in America. The book’s foreword gives us a starting point in which the reader can start to identify why the book was written. “We a told a New York writer friend about the idea. He said: ‘It’s a dead issue. These days you can hardly get people to read about a live issue. People are issued out.’ …, The issue isn’t what we want to write about. Everybody knows an injustice was done. How many know what actually went on inside?” (Foreword, Farewell to Manzanar). Jeanne believed that she could not write this book solely to retell the tale of Pearl Harbor and its aftermath. Instead, she wrote Farewell to Manzanar to share her personal experience(s) during that particular period of time. Jeanne’s argument throughout the book was that America was destroying the Japanese’s integrity. During Jeanne’s middle school and high school years, she struggles to find acceptance from the parents of her friends and the schools themselves. These individuals are afraid of what they’ll look like being involved
In Sandra Cisneros “Mericans” she creates a young character named Michelle who faces cultural differences and nonunderstanding, gender roles and culture stereotyping which can be exhibited in the real world.
In the texts, "In Response to Executive Order 9066" by Dwight Okita and "Mericans" by Sandra Cisneros, a topic of American identity and perception of identity is shared. Both texts take a brief look at the lives, characteristics, and feelings of young girls living a bicultural life. In Cisnero's story, the girl seems caught between her two different cultures, and she struggles to connect with her Mexican heritage. In Okita's poem, the girl has a clear sense of her identity and place as an American. Culture is experienced and interpreted differently by each individual and each group of people. The expression of themes and topic in "In Response to Executive Order 9066" and "Mericans" shows that there is no one way or right way to be American or appreciate American culture.
Mary Matsuda Gruenewald tells her tale of what life was like for her family when they were sent to internment camps in her memoir “Looking like the Enemy.” The book starts when Gruenewald is sixteen years old and her family just got news that Pearl Harbor was bombed by the Japan. After the bombing Gruenewald and her family life changed, they were forced to leave their home and go to internment camps meant for Japanese Americans. During the time Gruenewald was in imprisonment she dealt with the struggle for survival both physical and mental. This affected Gruenewald great that she would say to herself “Am I Japanese? Or am I American?” The internment camps that Gruenewald was placed and like most Japanese Americans were huge camps surrounded
Jeanne Wakatsuki Houston wrote the book namely Farewell to Manzanar is an autobiographical memoir of writer’s confinement at the place Manzanar that happened to be a Japanese-American internment camp. The book is based on the happenings during the time of America and Japan dispute and what happened to the Japanese families’ resident in the United States of America. It is written by Houston to recollect as well as represent at the same time what happened to the well-settled Japanese families in the doubt of disloyalty. In this book, Jeanne Wakatsuki Houston argues by remembering all the major and minor effects of war on her family consisting of her parents, granny, four brothers and five sisters.
This essay compares “In response to executive order 9066” (poem) by Dwight Okita to “Mericans” (short story) by Sandra Cisneros. Specifically, the essay explores the central theme of American identity in the two literary works. The “Mericans” is about a little girl who has a story about the new world and the old world. In this case, the new world is America. The young girl is prevented from entering the church where her grandmother has prayers. As a person from the old world, the young girl is not allowed to play with boys from the new world. On the other hand, “in response to executive order” by Dwight Okita is about Americans of Japanese origins that were supposed to report to relocation
The memoir Looking like the Enemy, was written by Mary Matsuda Gruenewald. Set during World War II after the attack upon Pearl Harbor. The Japanese Americans living in Western part of America had a since of betrayal and fear having to evacuate their homes and enter into internment camps. Matsuda’s memoir is based off of her and her family’s experiences in the Japanese-American internment camps. Matsuda reveals what it is like during World War II as a Japanese American, undergoing family life, emotional stress, long term effects of interment, and her patriotism and the sacrifices she had to make being in the internment camps.
Written works about American Identity are a very common theme amongst writers, including poet Dwight Okita and short-story writer Sandra Cisneros. Dwight Okita is famous for her poem “In Response to Order 9066: All Americans of Japanese Descent Must Report to Relocation Centers,” in which the theme of American identity is portrayed through a 14-year-old girl. In a similar way, Sandra Cisneros’s short story is told by a young girl of Mexican heritage who prefers American culture—in sharp contrast to her deep-rooted Mexican grandmother. Although the overall theme of the two texts is “American Identity,” both Okita's poem and Cisneros's short story delve deeper and portray that cultural heritage and physical appearances do not determine what it
Julie Otsuka’s When the Emperor was divine is a novel that takes place right after the bombing of Pearl Harbor. In the beginning of the novel, the Japanese American family consists of a mother with her two children. They are in a turning point of their lives. There are posters and signs indicating that anyone with japanese ancestry must evacuate. Immediately the family starts feeling the rejection of their neighbors and people around them. Just because of the way they look like. Shortly after that they forced into an internment camp where other people like them stayed. Allowing to only receive a few censored letters from the children’s father who was alleged to be a Japanese spy according to the US Government. Together they struggle to
December 7th, 1941, the Japanese bombed the American naval base, Pearl Harbor. The occurrence of Pearl Harbor had depleted all trust between the two races. America’s response, conducted by President Theodore Roosevelt, lead to the interment of all Japanese-Americans. The first hand account Farewell to Manzanar written by Jeanne Wakatsuki, created a vivid illustration of what life was like being a young interned Japanese-American. In more detail, the struggles they were faced with after Manzanar were far greater ultimatums her and her family begrudgingly had to overcome. During Jeanne’s internment at Manzanar, she was made manifest to unfit physical conditions. When they were released after the end of World War 2, there were multiple stereotypes
This paragraph from Kesaya Noda’s autobiographical essay “Growing Up Asian in America” represents the conflict that the author feels between her Japanese ethnicity, and her American nationality. The tension she describes in the opening pages of her essay is between what she looks like and is judged to be (a Japanese woman who faces racial stereotypes) versus what she feels like and understands (life as a United States citizen). This passage signals her connection to Japan; and highlights her American upbringing.
“Mary Tsukamoto once said ‘I knew it would leave a scar that would stay with me forever. At that moment my precious freedom was taken from me’” (Martin 54). The Betrayal. The attack on Pearl Harbor. Freedom being ripped away. Loyalty being questioned.
David Okita, the author of the poem “In Response to Executive Order 9066,” is a published playwright, poet and novelist. He describes himself as Japanese, American, gay, and Buddhist. Okita’s father was a World War II veteran and his mother was held in confinement for four years at a Japanese-American concentration camp. The World War II plays as a significant theme in the poem “In Response to Executive Order 9066”. At first glance, the poem appears to be about an American girl who has an unstable relationship with her friend Denise. However, after examining the details of “In Response to Executive Order 9066,” the reader can better understand the particular interpretation of the author’s perception of the poem.
Both Dwight Okita and Sandra Cisneros developed the theme of American identity in their writing. Dwight Okita expresses the individual theme in his poem of physical appearance does not define one 's American identity. In Sandra Cisneros short story she develops her individual theme of cultural heritage does not define your American identity. Together these two writers develop a common theme of cultural heritage and physical appearance does not define one 's American identity.
He talks about how he read about after Pearl Harbor, Japanese-Americans were ready to enlist in the army, but at first they were turned down because their background. Then eventually Japanese-Americans were accepted because of a wartime manpower shortage. “They fought with amazing, incredible courage and valor. They were sent on the most dangerous missions and they sustained the highest combat casualty rate of any unit proportionally.” They fought for their country even though that same country had denied them service and locked them up in the first place.