ECO-CRITICISM The word eco-criticism is a derived from the word ecology that is regarded in terms of human and its environment(the surroundings) that consists of nature including air, water, land,fire and sunlight (also known as five elements in Hindu mythology). In Hindu mythology it is said that these five elements exist in a human body that are arranged in a particular order and its imbalance may affect human drastically. On the other hand criticism is the art of observing even the minute details of a given topic, that does not necessarily mean negative but positive also. Moreover, in literature criticism has greater value , by eco-criticism we try to relate the literature with the ecology , as literature is the mirror of the society which …show more content…
was faced by the wider range of people for the first time irrespective of classicism. Writers of the modern age also reflected the society as it was, some of the writers being T.S Eliot, Harold Pinter, Arthur Miller and other who not only displayed their thoughts of the mechanized world but their language also projected the monotony fused with its richness of words unlike the romantic age where emotions were the main concern here robust structure and framing of the literature can be observed. While this also comes under the banner of literary aestheticism that is the most difficult part of English literature because of it gloomy images projected, as the literature of this time not only reflected the society but also helped in transforming the lives of people by providing the necessary solutions for such issues( which were sometimes direct and sometimes indirect that instigated the readers to weave a web of thoughts finally coming to the conclusion.), similarly in the essay “My Wood” Forster carries a hidden message with himself and leaves it to the reader’s to decide that whether they want to indulge themselves in the temporary materials or the nature which needs their help. Forster sculpted the essay in such a way that it leaves reader on a thinking mode without actually pinpointing the humans (by relating everything with himself). He also used so many biblical references that vibrates the human from the land to the either actual self or almighty on the basis of whom he urges the reader’s to shun the path of
As one single poem can intrigue the everyday college student, one can imagine the obsessive nature that one poem can have on the mind. The poem, circulating, round and round in the mind, leaving one to ponder the day away all because one poem, as one can be left questioning, such as in "Prayer" by Galway Kinnell. However, even if someone were to be obsessed with one poem, there are ones who are intrigued by not just one, but two, maybe dozens of poems, all by the same author that had them intrigued since the first poem looming in their head. Nevertheless, as one may ponder across an entire work of a single author, this pondering may lead to one who is passionate about the entire work of an author to publish articles about someone and their work respectively. In the article, "Galway Kinnell: Transfigured Dread," by Edward Hirsch, the pondering over the entire works of Galway Kinnel are discussed in great detail.
Emily Morra Ms. Drosdick Honors English, Period 9 2/9/2018 Independent Book Essay: In the Lake of the Woods Often times, love is compared to a wide variety of ideas and concepts. Despite the distinct genres and stories, all authors manage to get these ideas across through entailable aspects of plot. In the Lake of the Woods, written by Tim O’Brien, uses symbolism to generate several similar factors pertaining to the plot of his novel.
Italo Calvino Literary Analysis “It is not the voice that commands the story; it is the ear.” (Italo Calvino) Italo Calvino was a famous Italian writer who wanted his life to be known and wanted the people to be interested in his stories. It was not only about what he wanted, it was about what the people wanted to hear. He did not just want to make his stories, he was striving to catch the eye of the readers. Italo Calvino’s writings were inspired mainly by his experiences in the war and acquaintances.
In the age of Romanticism, using nature to express ones feelings was one thing that poets loved to do. Focusing on the “London” by William Blake and “Mutability” by P.B. Shelley, one will see the comparison of how both authors used nature and emotion to depict the situations and experiences that they saw during this time. But meanwhile, the emotion and comparison to nature is not always positive, neither is it always negative and in these two poems one can see the differences. Romanticism was a period of time in the 18th century where literary movements was such an ideal trend in Europe. For the most part romanticism was about individualism and human emotions and not so much about power of the hierarchy over the population.
Literature, through the course of time, has changed in drastic ways. It has now moved away from Shakespeare’s iambic pentameter to broader horizons, but similarities can always be found. William Shakespeare’s Hamlet and Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale were written almost
Nature is easily projected onto, as it allows for a sense of peacefulness and escapism. Due to its ability to evoke an emotional reaction from the masses, many writers have glorified it through various methods, including describing its endless beauty and utilizing it as a symbol for spirituality. Along with authors, artists also show great respect and admiration for nature through paintings of grandiose landscapes. These tributes disseminate a fixed interpretation of the natural world, one full of meaning and other worldly connections. In “Against Nature,” Joyce Carol Oates strips away this guise given to the environment and replaces it with a harsher reality.
Umberto Eco in his book “Six Walks in the Fictional Woods” discusses several literature theories, which he originally told to students at the Harvard University. I, mostly, enjoyed reading it, because his vision of literature, his thoughts about books, authors, readers are different from mine, and that is one of the reasons why it is interesting. Of course, I did not understand everything, because Eco uses lots of unknown to me terminology and because of lack of experience from my side in literature and life. To begin with, I want to speak a little bit about two definitions from his first lecture “Entering the Woods.” Eco, there introduces a modal reader.
1. Introduction When mentioning the term ecology, enormous rainforests, wild rivers, wide fields, and all the greenery and natural surroundings are the first things that come to one’s mind. However, according to the definition of Oxford dictionary, ecology is “the branch of biology that deals with the relations of organisms to one another and to their physical surroundings”. This definition is of a huge importance for those who want to emerge into the studies of ecocriticism, and for those who want to deal with an ecocritical reading of a literary work. The notion that organisms, their relations to one another and to their physical surroundings is crucial when it comes to ecology explains the fact why, when starting with the analysis in this way, one must include not just natural ecology, but also social and spiritual.
The poem revolves around the many books that the speaker finds within a library and how they impact her, “To meet an antique book,” implies that it is not a book the speaker already owns. The poem makes a reader feel like they have to go pick up a book right now, making the mood almost a sense of longing for a good book, “His presence is enchantment, / You beg him not to go;” (25 and 26). The author also helps convey this mood through her diction. She uses phrases such as, “A precious, mouldering pleasure” (1), “A privilege” (4), “warming” (6), “enchantment” (25), and “tantalize” (28) when describing how the speaker herself feels when holding a book. Emily even goes on to use adjectives such as: “venerable” (5) to create sentences like “His venerable hand to take,” (5) to pull the theme and mood out.
Modernism was a period in the early twentieth century that often dates back to the publication of T. S. Eliot’s “The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock.” This movement broke the traditional ways of form, concepts, and style found in poetry and allowed poets to freely express their ideas and beliefs through various ways such as free verse, fragmentation, allusions, imagery etc. T.S. Eliot is known for modernizing himself on his own by using fragments that incorporate multiple voices into his work. Eliot’s use of fragmentation and allusions in “The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock” and The Waste Land demonstrates his belief that modern society is disordered and chaotic and his realization that reality is too disjointed to understand. Fragmentation
The consequences of the aestheticism movement and more specifically, self-indulgence, are not only prominent in the novel but also in Wilde’s own life.
The Picture of Dorian Gray, one of Oscar Wilde’s masterpieces, portrays one of the most important values and principles for him: aestheticism. As a criticism to the life lived during the Victorian era in England, Wilde exposed a world of beauty a freedom in contradiction to the lack of tolerance a limitation of that era; of course inspired due to Wilde’s personal life. All the restrictions of the Victorian England lead him to a sort of anarchism against what he found to be incoherent rules, and he expressed all this to his art. His literature is a strong, political and social criticism. He gave a different point of view to controversial topics such as life, morality, values, art, sexuality, marriage, and many others, and epigrams, for what he is very well known, where the main source to the exposure of his interpretations of this topic.
As mentioned in the introduction, the main subject of ecocriticism or ecological criticism is the connection between nature, meaning the environment, and culture, meaning the human world, and how the two influence each other. In ecocritical works, “[t]he question of ‘enough’ is all-important, and one posed by both ecological and fictional literature” (Wolter 265). In Oryx and Crake, Atwood clearly poses this question by depicting scientists who accidentally release genetically modified animals which are a threat to humanity and other animals. The question of ‘enough’ is also asked in relation to Crake, which will further be analyzed in chapter three, part
Modernist poetry refers to poetry written, mainly in Europe and North America, between 1890 and 1950 in the tradition of modernist literature. It is characterized by a self-conscious break with traditional styles of poetry and verse. Modernists experimented with literary expression and form, stick to Ezra Pound 's maxim to “Make it new”. This paper examines different methods that Ezra Pound used to break the boundaries of traditional poetry and the techniques he used to pave the way for later poets. To
Introduction: Our earth is the most precious gift of the universe. It is the sustenance of ‘nature’ that is the key to the development of the future of mankind. It is the duty and responsibility of each one of us to protect nature. It is here that the understanding of the ‘environment’ comes into the picture. The degradation of our environment is linked with the development process and the ignorance of people about retaining the ecological balance.