Chapter 1: Cambodia’s Education History
The history of Cambodian education began within the Buddhist pagoda. As the village ethical and social training center, the pagoda had been the sole place of its education for many centuries. Techniques of education were based on maxims often taken from Cbaps, prescriptive moral precepts.
From 1863 to 1953, the French protectorate regime implemented a new education system: pagoda renovated schools. What was at stake was to teach new subject matter such as arithmetic, French and geography over and above its traditional subjects. There were 225 pagoda renovated schools in 1932-1933, and their number rose to 908 in 1938-1939. For the period 1932-1939, there were 18 Franco-Khmer public schools. The first and only one comprehensive curriculum of secondary education was offered in 1935 when Sisovath junior high school became a grammar school.
From 1953 to 1970, Prince Norodom Sihanouk’s government made substantial progress in education. Between 1955 and 1958, the figure of pagoda renovated schools rose by 47, while Khmer public schools (Franco-Khmer) increased from 1,352 to 1,653. In the superior education, the number are even more noticeable: from 11 schools in 1956 to 18 in 1958 and to 29 in the following years. It also made great efforts concerning universities:
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The school knowledge was based on facts and simple skills. Students was just given information without explanation or failed to make their own choices. The common theme was active and passive behaviors amongst students. The middle class school, the ethnic background and school
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To what extent is Education responsible for poverty and misery? Education is one of the few things a person is willing to pay for and not get. William Lowe Bryan (1860–1955) 10th president of Indiana University (1902 to 1937). Education is one of the chief obstacles to intelligence and freedom of thought. Bertrand A. Russell (1872-1970)
The new k-12 curriculum guide requires all Filipino students to have one year kindergarten six years of elementary schooling grade 1 to 6 ,
The sociology of education is the study of how public institutions and individual experiences affect education and its outcomes. It is most concerned with the public schooling systems of modern industrial societies which including the expansion of higher, further, adult, and continuing education. Education has often been seen as a fundamentally optimistic human endeavour characterised by aspirations for progress and betterment. It is understood by many to be a means of overcoming handicaps, achieving greater equality and acquiring wealth and social status. In Malaysia context, Malaysian education system revolves around the National Education Philosophy where it aims to produce a loyal and united Malaysian nation, produce faithful, well-mannered, knowledgeable, competent and prosperous individuals, produces the nation’s human resource for development needs and to provide educational opportunities for all Malaysians.
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