_______ In Plato’s Republic, Socrates uses the metaphor of Kallipolis to demonstrate the idea of justice in a city to allow for a closer inspection of justice in the individual. This city is ruled by a guardian class, raised from childhood to be perfect leaders, or as Socrates puts it, philosopher kings. In order for this graced individuals to come about, they must go through rigorous physical conditioning and partake in a comprehensive musical education. This musical education differs from that of a traditional Greek citizen not only in its intensity, but also in its subject matter. Many of the traditional songs, poems, epics, works of art, and works of literature used in education would be removed by virtue of the censorship Socrates deems …show more content…
He rather reluctantly tells Glaucon of his “single noble lie that would, preferably, persuade even the rulers themselves,” (414c) - the Myth of the Metals. His goal in this is to create a tale that will be believed by their sons, by later generations, and all people who come after because “all this will go where tradition leads,” (414e). To ban stories entirely would prevent him from implementing this measure, which he uses to establish social order and hierarchy. XXXX
The stringent rules of Socrates’ censorship are designed to expose the citizens of Kallipolis to only the most virtuous exemplars of literature, poetry, and art in order to teach them how to live that life for themselves. The classic works of Hesiod and Homer are either castrated or banned entirely for fear of the disturbing and disruptive ideas and imagery they present. In much the same way, Plato’s Republic itself would have to be pared down into acceptable chunks, ready for consumption by the public, were it to be allowed at
…show more content…
First and foremost, it fails to adhere to the long-winded rules of imitation. The entire Republic is Plato’s attempts to imitate Socrates and his beliefs. Although Socrates could be considered to be a noble man to imitate and therefore Plato should not cower at imitating him, for he is a “good man...acting in a faultless and intelligent manner,” (396d) there is the presence of bullheaded Thrasymachus to be considered. In addition, Socrates himself engages in many acts of imitation throughout the Republic in his examples and theoretical
He knew if the society engaged in war, soldiers would be a necessity to the state. Socrates would not have wanted a citizen to go against his guardians, who were risking their lives protecting the state. His ideal of forbidden speech/literature is similar to the idea of clear and present danger. By limiting what type of speech is allowed in the state, these certain characteristics exhibited were favored by both the United States and Socrates. Therefore, the information available to citizens needed to be controlled by the state.
The phenomenon "Socrates" surrounds every aspect of politics, culture, economic and social landscape in the current world. Indeed, there are several books on Socrates on every bookshelf in the world. Most of these books written about Socrates are dialogues of which one of them is named Gorgias. As it is already acknowledged, several books written by Plato are about Socrates. Gorgias happens to be one of his collections of dialogues involving Socrates and other characters.
This statement alone shows us that Socrates is using his defense to prove to the Athenians how serious he is. He is instructing them to not follow the way of the higher class at any cost. His instruction is subtle; however, we do know that Socrates would not stop teaching his ideas until he died. By letting the Athenians understand that they must change their ways, he is sneakily telling them that the city is very corrupt and they must fix it, once again instructing
He supports this claim by saying he could have left Athens at any time if he disagreed with their laws. The city educated him and allowed him to make his own decisions. Since he didn’t leave when he had the opportunity, he is agreeing to follow the cities laws. Socrates final argument is that escaping jail will ruin his reputation he has been building his whole life. After escaping Socrates couldn’t flee to a good Greek city but they won’t want him because he will have a reputation of breaking the law.
I believe that Plato believes that people are inherently good and they will do what is morally right and just for society. They will earn their right to power and ensure fairness for all to prevent the tyrants from trying to take control. Plato mentions three main arguments regarding
He claims that this is how he has been able to live a long life in Athens and that he never meant any harm to the state. Socrates believes that for
Socrates states that if one does not agree with the contract that you tacitly agreed to that one must either try and persuade the state to change or follow the rules that they have. Socrates tried to sway the court on his ruling and failed, he now feels obligated to follow through with the ruling and accept the punishment that he was given. He also realizes that if he did not like the rules and regulations of Athens that he had the choice to leave and reside in another city. Socrates knows that since he has lived in Athens for many years and benefited from the goods and services of Athens he feels obligated to give Athens his
Socrates was put on trial for his intentions that were good. Society thought them out to be bad, but all socrates was trying to do was to improve society as whole. To improve society socrates would question citizens of Athens and make them think about their reality. During Socrates trial they accused him of corrupting the youth. Socrates would never willingly corrupt the youth because he saw the youth as the future.
Comparing Socrates words in the Republic for the philosopher to rule to the words of the Apology where philosophy is viewed as something that is punishable by death, this is where the defense or importance of philosophy is realized. For if the philosophers were the ones to rule, nobody would question whether or not what they were doing was right or wrong because the philosopher-kings make the rules through wisdom and knowledge. Plato wants to paint a portrait of the philosopher as not only something the city should want to have, but also as someone who would be fit to rule above all others. This contrasts, again, to the points made by the jurors to Socrates in the Apology for they saw Socrates as someone who brings the city
Through the use of ethos, pathos, and logos Plato further develops his arguments in order to achieve his goal of forcing the readers to question whether a man like Socrates being sentenced to death reflects the problems inherent to rule by the majority, or are the laws of the Athenian government unjust themselves? To begin, in the Apology the use of ethos, pathos, and logos is evident throughout the dialogue. When establishing an argument, the use of ethos or appealing to expertise is important due to the fact that spoken information becomes more credible when a source is defined. Socrates establishes his credibility multiple times throughout the trial not only referring to himself as the wisest man on Earth but even goes to the extent in saying “I am that gadfly which God has given the state, and all day long and in all places am always fastening upon
Socrates believes that justice benefits the just, but also benefits the city (other people) too. He is faced with a seemingly simple choice, escape Athens or remain in prison and be sentenced to death. Socrates’ central argument against escaping his circumstances is twofold. First, Socrates argues that “one must never do wrong.” (49b)
Making enemies and becoming the topic of conversation, the Athenians began to view Socrates as a threat to their beliefs and way of life and sought to end it. In order to end this, Socrates was accused of blasphemy (Mod1SlideC7). Socrates’s accusers took him to court and after Socrates did not play their game by asking to be sent into exile, and in the end, he was sentenced to death. After reading the textbook and Plato’s writing influenced by Socrates, I realized that in the period of his life Socrates was indeed truly a threat to the Athens society, because he looked for answers that no one else bothered to find which challenged their culture.
According to Socrates perspective, the democracy of Athens was corrupt and even though they courts were made in such a way that everyone was judged fairly, it wasn’t such because there were no rules or principles set forth. When a person was brought to court in the Athenian court and the person spoke against the jurors or offended them, he or she could be prosecuted based on that. In summary, judgment was passed based on emotion rather than on justice. In the Apology, Socrates stated, “my present request seems a just one, for you to pay no attention to my manner of speech-
Was Plato trying to show what an ‘unjust’ city would look like? Why would he do that? The analysis and discussion of Plato’s ‘just’ city opens new doors about Plato, himself, and his intentions. From this analysis on the city’s short comings, one can spring more and more ideas about his ‘republic’ and his ‘ideals’ forever. This one analysis is only a small interpretation, or perspective of a small portion, or passage of The
In Book IV of Plato’s Republic, Socrates and his peers come to the conclusion that a city is going to need people who have an understanding of what justice should be. Socrates at the end of Book IV can make the difference between individual, political, and social justice. He knows that individual and political justice is so much in common because they both weigh in heavy on truth, honor, and appetitive soul. That appetitive soul is an element that helps the secure the just community with love and support.