Efficiency Wage Hypothesis
This chapter presents the theoretical underpinning which supports the study and also presents a review of literature on agricultural households’ food utilization, nutrition, health and methodological issues. The subsequent subsections describe the conceptual model which was based on economic model of household behavior, Efficiency Wage Hypothesis. Linkage between agriculture and health, conceptual framework of under nutrition and ill health, conceptual framework for the impact of illness/disease on agriculture , review of empirical literature on household food utilization, nutrition, health, agriculture and methodological review of analytical tools.
2.1.0 Theoretical Framework
The theoretical basis for any kind of research may originate
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Following is the explanation of productivity-consumption relationship of the model (Bliss and Stern, 1978).
The length of a working day is given in terms of ordinary clock hours. A distinction is made between "clock hours" and "efficiency hours". Efficiency hours measure the productivity of the agriculture workers ' effort. This is to say, a more healthy and productive worker will generate a higher number of efficient hours of labor in a given number of clock hours. These efficiency labour hours depend on the workers ' consumption level c of calories and this relationship between efficient labour hours and consumption will be denoted by h(c).
Given the assumption that the length of the working day is fixed, the number of workers and clock hours are used interchangeably. All workers are given the same wage w, and they are hired to work the same number of clock hours. The workers spend all their wages for food consumption, and they have no other source of consumption. Therefore, the relation between efficient labour hours and consumption is expressed as h(w). If the number of clock hours worked is l, which is proportional to the number of workers hired, then the number of efficient hours produced is lh(w). The output, which is generated by these efficient hours, can be denoted by y = f
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