Ekg Case Study Answers

Three of the most commonly occurring cardiac related events: angina, myocardial infarction, and cardiac arrest, are commonly confused. However, there is a huge difference between each of them. It is crucial to be informed of each of these cardiovascular emergencies and to be able to differentiate between them. As a medical professional it is also very important to know the appropriate care for each these cardiac related emergencies. Throughout the course of this research paper, angina, myocardial infarction, and cardiac arrest will be discussed by providing definitions, signs and symptoms that lead to suspicion and diagnosis, as well as treatment.

Admit the patient using critical thinking skills to assess and prioritise nursing interventions related to Audrey’s.

There are many things that can be done in order to manage atrial fibrillation such as undergoing certain procedures and taking certain medicine. With atrial fibrillation the medicine can be taken to aid with controlling the heart rate and preventing blood clots. The medication that can be used for this is amiodarone and Propafenone because they are antiarrhythmic. Antiarrhythmic drugs are use help with arrhythmias (irregular heartbeats) in the heart. Amiodarone is a group three antiarrhythmic drug which means that it works by blocking the potassium channels which then slows down the cells ability to repolarize but it has properties of all four type of antiarrhythmic. Group one of antiarrhythmic blocks the sodium channels in the heart which then slows down the electrical conduction of

any heart health history (heart valves, heart defects, heart related medical problems, heart attack, heart failure)

Cardiovascular infection is a term that notice to extra than one sickness of the cardiovascular framework including the veins and heart.

“Orthostatic hypotension is a condition in which there is insufficient recovery of the blood pressure drop which occurs after getting up, which causes a temporary reduction of cerebral perfusion. This increases the risk of falls resulting in injuries (JAHR, 2018).” When lying blood pools in the legs and the abdomen when changing positions from lying, to sitting, to standing. A person may exhibit clinical symptoms of OH when systolic pressure drops below at least 20 mmHg and diastolic drops at least 10 mmHg during position transition.

In here article “Sudden Death: Proposed EKG Screening For Student Athletes Spurs Medical Debate,” Laura Beil focuses on the importance and controversial of student athletes receiving an electrocardiogram (EKG) prior to participating in sports activities. The EKG would check for a condition called cardiomyopathy, “Cardiomyopathy (KAR-de-o-mi-OP-ah-thee) refers to a disease of the heart muscles. There are many forms of cardiomyopathy, such as dilated cardiomyopathy, restrictive cardiomyopathy, arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Other forms are often referred to as unclassified types. Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy is the focus point in this article.

Jane Doe has a history of Hypertension, TIA, CAD and was a previous smoker. She received a cardiac catheterization in May of 2017 to check the function of the heart. In June of 2017 she came in with a complaint of right leg pain when walking a block and takes

Chronic Heart Failure is a condition where the heart has failed to support the physiological circulation needed to provide the organs and tissues of the body with nutrients and oxygen (Peate & Dutton 2012). This condition usually occurs because the muscles of the heart have weakened or are too stiff to work. There are several causes of CHF, including heart attacks, high blood pressure, cardiomyopathy, heart valve problems and structural changes to the myocardium; yet the type of CHF depends on which part of the heart is affected and the extent of the damage (NICE 2010). There are around 900,000 people in the UK who suffer from heart failure and within a year 30-40% of patients will die due to heart failure. Statistics show that the survival rate for CHF is worse than breast or prostate cancer.

The term "congestive heart failure" is somewhat misleading. The heart does not fail, but rather that it does not contract as strongly as before, and does not pump enough blood around the body to meet the body's needs in terms of oxygen. This is caused by a buildup of fluid in the lungs that impedes the breathing or causes disturbances to the lower limbs. Again, these symptoms are not manifested in all cases. Heart failure is a chronic condition, meaning that it lasts long.

Dextrocardia is a rare heart condition where the hearts points to the right instead of the left side of the chest. It is congenital meaning person who has it was born with it. Less than one percent of the population is born with dextrocardia.

The heart is a muscular organ the size of a clenched fist situated in the middle of the chest tilted slightly to the left. The heart receives its own oxygenated blood supplied by the coronary arteries and the coronary veins that take away the deoxygenated blood. The heart is made up of four chambers the left and right atrium and the left and right ventricle. The oxygenated blood travels from the lungs through the pulmonary veins, the pulmonary vein are the only veins in the body that carry oxygenated blood to the heart, the blood then enters the left atrium the blood is then pushed through the bicuspid valve, where the blood now enters the left ventricle where the blood is then pumped through the aortic valve into the aorta where the oxygenated

Heart murmurs are created by an abnormal turbulent flow of blood. The sound is provided by your heart is from the flow of blood through your atria chambers to your ventricles. This can be caused by fever, anemia, high blood pressure, or overproduction of the thyroid hormone. Another possibility could be the function of the valve. Mitral valve prolapse or mitral valve stenosis are reasons for the functioning of a bad valve.

A hemopneumothorax is a pneumothorax with bleeding in the pleural space (Coker, Aehlert and Vroman, 2011). The mechanism of injury for a hemopneumothorax is usually due to penetrating trauma. The open wound then allows for air to seep into the pleural space which then develops into a pneumothorax. The hemothorax is caused by the build-up of blood in the pleural cavity as a product of the bleeding originating from damaged blood vessels, lung and chest wall components or injury to the heart and great vessels. Hemopneumothorax usually presents with dyspnea, tachypnea and tachycardia. In more severe cases patients often suffer from hypovolemia due to massive blood loss into the pleural cavity or due to the increased severity of the pneumothorax

What type of shock is John exhibiting signs of? [1 mark] Give a rationale for your answer and relate this to four [4] of John’s clinical symptoms and observations. [4 marks for clinical symptoms & 4 marks for observations]