Maxwell's Equation Of Electromagnetic Waves

The set of four complicated equation that describe the word of electromagnetics are known as Maxwell's Equations. These equations describe how electric and magnetic fields propagate, interact, and how they are influenced by objects. The energy that travels and spreads out as it goes is defined as a Radiation. (ALAN Isaacs )

In general, wave are means of transporting energy or information, wave represents as a function of both space and time.( Matthew.N.O .Sadiku)

The light energy is an only form of energy that we can actually see it directly. During the electromagnetic wave passage through a material there occur an amplitude Changes and a wave phase shift; these phenomena are due to the material characteristics such as conductivity, permittivity,

Electromagnetic waves

Radiation from the Sun, which is more popularly known as sunlight, is a mixture of electromagnetic waves ranging from infrared (IR) to ultraviolet rays (UV)

Sun is not the only example of electromagnetic source, An electromagnetic wave can be created by accelerating charges; moving charges back and forth will produce oscillating electric and magnetic field and these travel at the speed of light. It would really be more accurate to call the speed "the speed of an electromagnetic wave", because light is just one example of an electromagnetic wave. Nothing can travel faster than light in a vacuum. It’s ultimate speed limit in the universe. speed of light in vacuum: c = 3.00 x 〖10〗^8 m/s

A magnetic field is produce by a moving charges ,A constant current produces a constant magnetic field, while a changing current produces a changing field. In the other way, an oscillating magnetic field generates an oscillating electric field; in opposite case an oscillating electric field generates an oscillating magnetic field.

Out wards from the source an electromagnetic wave propagates at the speed of light , electric and magnetic fields, perpendicular to each other, and perpendicular to the direction of propagation ,that travel away from the source.( Bo E.

It’s possible to derive the Fresnel equations for these two cases separately.

At first driving Fresnel equation by focusing on the case when the incident wave partially transmitted and partially reflected, additionally by focusing on the case when the incident wave is║ -polarized (Fig. 1).

Sincs,the E, H, and k vectors must form a right-handed triad for each of the waves, the directions of all field vectors are uniquely defined up to a sign convention, which is due to transmitted and reflected waves will have the same polarization.( Veselago)

Triad for each of the waves, the directions of all field vectors are uniquely defined up to a sign convention, which is chosen as illustrated in Fig. 1. The boundary condition for the electric field then becomes:

E_i cosθ_i+E_r cosθ_r=E_t cosθ_t (6