Around the world, there are a lot of people with ambulatory disabilities. For examples, over $20$ million people have ambulatory disabilities in the United State \cite{US}, and a report on disability and rehabilitation by World Health Organization indicates that about $65$ million people worldwide need wheelchairs in $2008$ \cite{WHO}. Wheelchair is one of the most commonly used supporting devices for people with ambulatory disabilities to improve their personal mobility, which can enhance their health and quality of life \cite{ManualW}. However, users are often constrained to the sitting posture, which can cause severe damage such as pressure sore. Standing is important to avoid such damage, and it also stretches out the muscles around the
Figure 1. Head support (Retrieved from Guidelines for Use of Secondary Postural Support Devices by Wheelchair Users During Travel in Motor Vehicles, 2006) Anterior head support TransSPOT(2010) writes that the anterior head support is not a recommended postural support device of wheelchair users for transportation use because of the occupants may suffer from a neck hyperextension injury in a frontal car crash. If one is necessary to use this device or any form of forehead strap during transportation, Rehabilitation Engineering Research Center on Wheelchair Transportation Safety(2006) recommends that: It should be automatically release but at the lowest force exerted during a crash and still able to maintain effective head support purpose A soft neck collar that is independent of the wheelchair can be applied concurrently but not obstructing the airway like tracheostomy. Beware the forehead strap from slipping downward and tying to the user’s neck Figure 2. Anterior head support (Retrieved from
Normally, electric-power wheelchair in few functions are available but in our system we can include hand or head gesture recognition by using acceleration technology and android mobile application for control the wheelchair. Keyword: Wheelchair, Micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS)
The dynamic modeling shows us that the design of the biped robot prosthetic should be designed as a free-falling manipulator with no fixed ground. It has the Body Position Reference Generator with a position reference to the mass center of the prosthetic which is sent as input to body posture controller that determines the limbs position of the prosthetic in relation to the mass center by taking consideration of the force exerted by the body and the environment. It has a reactive force controller that regulates the amount of force created by the robot. This data is fed to a workspace position controller which determines the position in which the prosthetic has to move which provides the joint torques to move the biped robot. From this movement
They are to operate once the vehicle gets started. However,it still involves a lap belt that the occupant needs to manually adjust. Many car owners fail to adjust the lap belt thinking that everything is automatic. Those who do not fasten the lap belt may “submarine” or be thrown forward under the shoulder belt and still end up with serious injuries. Due to the complicated mechanical systems these types of seat belts were prone to, plus confusion on how they work and how to use them, automatic seat belts were scraped
The system monitors the motion of the user’s arm employing a Kinect. The skeletal image of the arm obtained victimization the “Kinect Skeletal Image” project of Kinect SDK, consists of three joints and links connecting them. analytic geometry is employed to calculate the angles between the links connecting the joints. [8].this offers North American country the angles for a 3D illustration of the human arm. The angles so obtained area unit sent employing a serial communication port to the Arduino microcontroller, that successively generates signals that area unit sent to the servo motors.[9].
CAPTER-1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Overview A wheelchair is a chair fitted with wheels. The device comes in variations allowing either manual propulsion by the seated occupant turning the rear wheels by hand, or electric propulsion by motors. There are often handles behind the seats to allow it to be pushed by another person. Wheelchairs are used by people for whom walking is difficult or impossible due to illness, injury, or disability. People who have difficult sitting and walking often make use of a wheel bench.
There are two types of SASC interactions observed by Smart Home Health Care. A composition pattern of three sensor nodes with different duties; ECG, thermometer and Patient activities, which are composed only in one SASC with the patient role. Instead of addressing the subcomponents, the SAS Cells can contact with the Patient
n Malaysia, 2 465 727 patients were admitted to the hospital in 2015. Most of this patient will experiencing transition to primary care after they were discharge from the hospital. Previous studies had been showed that poor transitional care might cause harm to the patient especially for those who are vulnerable such as elderly or people who have special needs. Position statement issued by the American Geriatrics Society in 2003 described transitional care as a set of action designed to ensure the coordination and continuity of health care as patient transfer between different level of care. His study also suggested that many patients did not receive optimal transitional care due to urgent and unplanned transition especially due to high loads
The specific position of three degrees of freedom in one group of foot joint is shown in Fig.1. The clarification of bends are seen with respective directions. . B.Hardware Layout The overall structure of the robot system is shown in Fig.2. It is mainly composed by various parts which are respectively transmission cable for communicating the host computer with ATMEGA 16L, position feedback for detecting the angle of steering gear by connecting both of that to the system.