Electric Power Assisted Steering System Essay
Electric power assisted steering (EPAS):
Electric power assisted steering is otherwise known as electric power steering. It is the most advanced type of steering system that is used in these modern vehicles. The main purpose of the power steering is to attenuate the driver effort required to steer the vehicles. That is the torque is applied to the steering wheel and it uses an electric motor for the same purpose.
Figure 1 : electronic power steering system
(crankit.in)
Torque sensor
The torque sensor is a most important component which is used to measure the effort applied by the driver to steer the vehicle. The output from the torque sensor is used to drive a motor in order to reduce the effort, while achieving the desired steering.
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Its output is absolute and offers true power-off capability. It is an optimal solution that requires both torque and steering angle feedback.
Controller
The purpose of this is to control the torque delivered to the steering mechanism. It gives full control of over the amount of assistance based on the vehicle speed. Power assist of the motor is transmitted to the shaft which provides power assist to the steering effort.
EPS ECU
It receives data from many sensors and determines specific data which to be given to DC motor.
Steering wheel
It is also called as hand wheel or driving wheel. And it is used to control the steering of the vehicle. And it is a part of the steering system. And it is manipulated by a driver.
Working:
The steering angle sensor and torque sensor measure the position of the steering wheel and the torque applied which is applied by the driver on the steering wheel. This data is fed Electronic Control Unit (ECU). In addition to that, the ECU also monitors the overall speed of the vehicle and based on this information, the ECU calculates the assisting the torque required to be applied and accordingly signals the motor to apply the desired torque to steering
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