Electric Motor An electric motor is a device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. In today’s life, electric motors have numerous applications including in homes, commercial buildings, and manufacturing industries. An electric motor works on the principle of Ampere’s law which states when a wire is carrying an electric current, it generates magnetic field around itself. In other words, an electric motor is able to generate motion by use of magnets and therefore its whole operation is about magnets & magnetism. Electric motors have been in use since 1800s and their efficiencies have been constantly improved.
Initial generation of the steam takes much time and construction techniques of the steam engine boilers are to be precise for withstanding the high pressure inside. The thermal efficiency of the steam engine is also very low of about 30 percent as of heat loss because of large exposed area in its construction. Fig: photo of steam engine which was on rails until 1988 (photo courtesy – German railway heritage page (reichsbahndampflok)) INTERNAL COMBUSTION
The combination of both the power makes the vehicle dynamic in nature. It provides its owner with advantages in fuel economy and environmental impact over conventional automobiles. Hybrid electric vehicles combine an electric motor, battery
Steam engines are still used on daily bases today and many modern electricity generators are build up on the simple structure of a steam engine, for example coal and nuclear power plants still use the same principle. This also shows how it had a lasting effect on our modern day society and also on the way we still work with a steam engine
The process of electricity generation typically involves conversion of the primary source of energy (coal, gas, renewable source etc) to suitable form of energy that can drive turbines connected with generators to produce electricity. For thermal sources, steam or flue gases are
Electric vehicles do not use gasoline, no suction compression combustion, so of course, if the gasoline car with regard to emissions will lose. Electric cars do not emit any kind of gas that endangers human health or the environment. The pure electric vehicles run on non-polluting roads, leaving no harmful emissions to the environment. Despite the fact that, based on the consumption of electricity from the power plants, the pollutant generated is also less than that of the automobile, due to higher power conversion efficiency of the power plant. It is convenient for reducing emissions to pollution control equipment.
In real life, I assume they make roller coasters without engines, just like how we made our paper roller coaster. They have to create the roller coaster with enough energy to do the loops, turns, ups, and downs. That is why they use big hills for big drops, they need that stored potential energy to turn into kinetic while
1.3Thermodynamic analysis of Rankine cycle The heat source enters the system through the evaporator where the working fluid is heated to saturation or to its super heating point. After high pressure vaporized steam expands in the turbine. The stream of the expanded fluid is passed directly through condenser where it condenses to ambient temperature and condenser pressure. After leaving condenser the working fluid enters the pump the pressure is raised and the fluid is returned to the evaporator. Below given figure1.3a shows Schematic diagram of Rankine cycle.
Hydroelectric energy is becoming a common source of electricity production in the 21st century. Most dams that are being built have infrastructure that allows them to capture the energy from the water. The kinetic energy of moving water is then used by hydropower plants to give mechanical energy to turbines which in turn convert it to electrical energy through generators. 4. Geothermal Energy Within the Earth, there is a great deal of energy trapped inside molten magma.
That’s the basic concept of regenerative breaks, which are widely used in electric trains and the electric cars. Keywords: Regenerative braking system, solar panel, dynamo, battery,charger. I. INRODUCTION When brakes are applied in conventional vehicle, kinetic energy is converted into heat because of the friction produced between the brake pads and the wheels. This heat gets carried out in the environment and the produced energy gets wasted and this leads to waste of energy. Large amount of the energy wasted during this process depends upon how hard and how often brakes are applied.