Effect Of Concentration On How To Build A Quantity Of Electrochemical Cells

Aims:
The basic goals of this practical work are to understand how to build a quantity of electrochemical cells,to measure the electricity and to investigate the effect of electrolyte concentration on .
Introduction:
The electrochemical cell is a device that produces electricity from a spontaneous reaction or, oppositely, consumes externally applied electric energy to drive a nonspontaneous reaction (Atkins, P. de Paula,2006). There are two types of electrochemical cells: galvanic (voltaic) and electrolytic cell. Galvanic cell converts chemical energy to electrical, while the electrolytic cell change does opposite things (change electrical to chemical energy) (Larsen and Delmar, n.d).
This experiment will focus on voltaic cell (Figure 1) which consist of two half-cells with submerged electrode metals in its

It should not touch the metals.
Zn and Cu were attached to different clips of voltmeter. In case if the value on the monitor of the voltmeter is negative, alter the place of clips with each other.
The cell e.m.f was recorded. The beakers of solutions were kept for the further experiment.
Experiment 3: Constructing a zinc/iron cell
In order to construct a zinc/iron cell, instead of copper half-cell, iron half-cell was used. The procedure for this experiment was similar to experiment 2. Iron nail was cleaned for using it as an electrode and put into a beaker with 30 〖cm〗^2 of 1.0 M iron (II) sulfate solution. New filter paper (salt bridge) was used. The e.m.f was measured.
Experiment 4: Constructing an iron/copper cell
In this practical part, Fe/Fe2+ and Cu/Cu2+ half-cells from previous experiments were used to frame iron/copper electrochemical cell. Again, fresh strip of paper was used and was notated.
Experiment 5: Effect of concentration on
The Zn/Cu cell was set up in the same way to experiment 2,3,4, but instead of 1.0 M copper sulphate, following concentrations were