1. (Cu) Cathode
2. Copper electrolyte solution usually CuSO4
3. (Cu) Half cell
4. Bulb – when lighted shows the flowing is current –
5. (Zn) electrolyte solution
6. Connecting wires
7. Anode (Zn)
8. Salt Bridge
(Cu) half-cells will be cathode and (Zn) will be anode.
Reaction anode – (Zn -> Zn2 + 2e) Reaction cathode (Cu2 + 2e -> Cu)
The electrons comes from (Zn), the negative charge and (Cn), is the positive charge. Electrons moves from (Zn) to (Cu) – from right to left –
Half-Cells Oxidation reactions Redox reactions
Anode Electrochemical oxidation Electrochemical oxidation
Cathode Electrochemical reduction Electrochemical reduction
Electrolytes Ammonium Chloride
Oxidation Reaction Anode Anode
Reduction Reaction Cathode Cathode
An error that could have been present during the lab includes not letting the zinc react completely with the chloride ions by removing the penny too early from the solution. For instance, the percent error of this lab was 45.6%, which was determined by the subtraction of the theoretical percent of Cu 2.5% and the experimental percent of Cu 3.64% and dividing by the theoretical percent of Cu 2.5%. This experiment showed how reactants react with one another in a solution to drive a chemical reaction and the products that result from the
While the solution dissolved, 50 mL of distilled water was added to a 150 mL beaker and heated on the hot plate. When the solution started to boil 2.65 grams of Na2SiO3*5H2O was added to the beaker with a stir bar and heated to a gentle boil. When both solutions began to boil, the sodium silicate solution was slowly added to the sodium aluminate. The solution was kept at 900C for 60 minutes and stirred with stir bar. After 60 minutes, the zeolite solution was cooled for 5 minutes and for the magnetized zeolite , 0.78 grams of FeCl3 and 0.39 grams of FeSO4*7H2O was added to the flask and stirred until the iron parts dissolved.
Consequently, it induces second element to be oxidized. 2. In the experiment #3, zinc electrode acts as anode, where the oxidation processes occur, while iron half-cell acts as cathode, where the reduction processes appear. In the experiment #4, iron is visa verse reducing agent that evicts electrons to copper half-cell through the circuit.
Introduction: The aim of this experiment was to see whether water, Powerade or orange juice contained more electrolytes. Electrolytes are responsible for controlling the total amount of water in the body, regulating blood volume and maintaining muscle and nerve function. A lack of these electrolytes can cause headaches, fatigue, confusion, hallucinations and muscle spasms. I found that water and distilled water were less conductive than the orange juice and Powerade and orange juice proved to be the most conductive.
Flame Tests of the Elements Lab 1. According to your observations, which metal ion is present in your unknown samples? Explain your rationale.
Name: Amra Aliyu Lab partner: Jamie Liang Lab: Empire of Electricity Course: Chem 106 Date: 7/11/2015 INTRODUCTION A galvanic cell is an electrochemical cell that goes through a redox reaction and produces electrical energy . It converts chemical energy to electrical energy and the energy goes from the anode to the cathode. In this lab we had manipulate an exothermic zinc reaction to produce electricity.
Zn(s) +2H+(aq) Zn2+(aq)+H2(g) Reduction of copper Sulfate: As more zinc was added, the color of the solution changed from a light blue to a foggy white. The zinc bubbled and changed from silver to red. After the solution stopped bubbling this meant that the reaction was then complete.
The ions exchanged include potassium ions (K+) and sodium ions (Na+). Sodium ions are sodium atoms with a positive charge as a result of losing and electron. Certain proteins along the cell's plasma membrane called ion channels play a significant role in the process, allowing particular ions in and out of the membrane.
If one compares the amount of electrolytes present in an artificial substance (sports drink), to those in a natural substance (orange juice), then the natural substance will have the most electrolytes. That is my hypothesis. I chose this topic because I have always been skeptical about the validity of the quantity of electrolytes said to be in sports drinks. Sports drinks have been recommended as a way to replace electrolytes, which are lost during exercise. However, orange juice also has electrolytes and these are naturally occurring, not man made.
Next, a 10 mL beaker is filled with 3 mL of HCl and measure 10 mL of ionized water into a 140 mL beaker. Carefully turn on laboratory burner and start cleaning the Nichrome wire by dipping it into concentrated HCl acid. Hold the Nichrome wire on top of the flame and repeat the step until the wire doesn 't show any color. When the wire is clean, dip the wire again with some of the acid and dip it into the solution with the unknown compound in it. Place the wire back into the flame again and observe the color of the flame.
ZnS(s) +2NaCl(aq). The ionic and net ionic equations are: Ionic: 2Na(aq) + S2(aq) + Zn2(aq) + 2Cl(aq) ZnS(s) +2Na(aq) + 2Cl(aq), and net ionic: Zn2(aq) + S2 (aq)+ ZnS(s). Chemical reaction occurred from the ammonium dichromate(Decomposition) was exothermic reactions. In a double displacement reaction two compounds exchange bonds or ions in order to form different compounds. An example of a double displacement reaction occurred between zinc chloride and sodium sulfide to form zinc sulfide and sodium chloride.
The zinc will form a new compound with the sulfate, and the copper will stay as a metal. Balanced Chemical
Oxidation state of an element is a totally suppositious idea which has got nothing to do with loss or gain of electrons for atom necessity definite quantity of energy to release an electron and they are liberated from the outermost shell simply. It is difficult to eliminate seven electrons. It desires massive energy so it doesn’t occur. Answer # 3:
Sodium picosulphate: An effective laxative as colorectal cleanser in colonoscopy preparation Introduction Colonoscopy is a powerful diagnostic tool against several conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease, colonic polyps, and colon cancers Bhandari P, Inadequate bowel cleansing is associated with numerous negative consequences. ( Park JB) The important barriers for the failure of colonoscopy include patient refusal to undergo colonoscopy and inadequate bowel cleansing. In the both the cases, patients unwillingness or intolerance to the preparation are important causes for the failure (Love J) . Patients prefer regimen that has better taste, low side-effects, and having manageable fluid intake (Bhandari P)).
When electrolytes, like sodium chloride, dissolve in water, the crystals separate and become ions. Ions are conductors of electricity; the more ions in water, the better it can conduct electricity. For example: salt and tap water have more ions in them than deionized water, which is pure and doesn’t have ions in it, so it won’t conduct electricity as well. Other good conductors of electricity include metals such as copper and aluminum. Objects that don’t conduct are called insulators; these include objects like rubber, glass, and plastic.