1831- Using his invention the induction ring, Michael Faraday proved that electricity can be induced (made) by changes in an electromagnetic field. Faraday’s experiments about how electric current works, led to the understanding of electrical transformers and motors. This experiment became Faraday’s Law, which became one of the Maxwell Equations (Administrator, 2007). 1890 - Heinrich Hertz (1857-1894) a German physicist, laid the ground work for the vacuum tube. He laid the foundation for the future development of radio, telephone, telegraph, and even television.
Galvanometer gives the deflection which is proportional to the electric current flowing through it. It works as an actuator by producing a rotary deflection. Also, known as a (pointer) in response to electric current flowing through a coil in a constant magnetic
The proportionality constant, R, is known as the resistance and is determined by both material properties (the intrinsic resistivity) and geometry (length and cross-sectional area of the active material). In equation form, Ohm’s law is: V = IR. It is important to understand just what is meant by these quantities. The current (I) is a measure of how many electrons are flowing past a given point during a set amount of time. The current flows because of the electric potential (V), sometimes referred to as the voltage, applied to a circuit.
MR fluids require small voltages and current, while ER fluids require very large voltage and very small currents. According to the experts, MR fluids have become a widely studied “smart” fluid due to its less consumption of energy. The fluid that is transferring from top to bottom or from bottom to top must pass through the MR valve. The MR valve is fixed size orifice with ability to apply a magnetic field to the orifice volume. This magnetic field changes the viscosity of MR fluid, which will cause change in flow rate.
It appears that the diagrams do agree with my understanding of the concept of equipotential and electric fields. For both of the maps, the electric field lines are closer in the middle, which means that the electric fields are stronger in the middle. Most of the voltages have similar electric potentials, which explains that no work is done. Since no work done is being done on these field lines and the equipotential lines should be perpendicular to the electric field lines. However, it appears to be slightly off from what should be expected, and this may be caused by some sources of
The purpose of this experiment was to use charged electrodes on conducting paper and voltmeter to discover electric field. The experiment also discovered the relationship between equipotential lines and electric field lines. The purpose of the experiment was to find if the theory that equipotential lines always run perpendicular to electric field lines hold true. The equation used in this experiment is E = ∆V/∆d. The experimental value yielded a result of y = -100x + 10 and the theoretical yielded a -100 V/m.
Another definition for electromagnets are solenoids wound around a central iron core. The magnetic field generated by the coil of wire magnetizes the core, increasing the total field. The difference in simple terms: a solenoid is a long, thin helical loop of wire. An electromagnet is a magnet whose magnetic properties depend on an electric current. A solenoid is just a coil of wire, but when you run a current through it, you create an electromagnet.
Topic: Magnetic resonance imaging Introduction: Nuclear magnetic resonance which is nuclei absorb and re-emit electromagnetic radiation phenomenon under a magnetic field. Actually, all elements’ nuclei are electrically charged and spin with different energy level to behave like a magnet. When it is at lower energy which will generate a magnetic field in the direction of the external magnetic field and opposite direction with spin at higher energy. The energy difference between them will correspond to radio frequency called the nuclear magnetic moment. This energy gap refers specific frequency which depends on properties of the isotope of the atoms and the strength of the magnetic field.
Testing the Strength of the Electromagnet by Changing the Number of Coils Aim The aim of this experiment is to investigate how the strength of an electromagnet is affected by the number of coil turns around the iron c-core. Hypothesis As the number of wire coils increases, the strength of the magnetic field (the electromagnet’s strength) will also increase. This means that the number of paper clips that attach to the electromagnet will increase. Explanation of Hypothesis/background: When a DC (Direct Current) electric current flows through a wire, a magnetic field is created. Wrapping the wire in a coil concentrates and increases the magnetic field, because the additive effect of each turn of the wire.
Introduction When a charged particle is moving through a magnetic field, it experiences a magnetic Lorentz force given by F ⃗=qv ⃗ ×B ⃗ (1) where q is the charge of the particle, v is the velocity of the charge q and B is the magnetic field. In this experiment, an electron source, which is the heated filament, an electrode and Helmholtz coils are used to generate the magnetic field. Both the electrode and heated filament are placed in a near vacuum container containing a small amount of mercury.