The Effects Of Modernization On Prostate Cancer

Chapter 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction
Changes in the world are evident for the past century. These changes were brought by modernization. Modernization made social changes, from being an agricultural society to being an industrial society. In line with this, technology has also become a great benefactor of the modernization. While society is improving, technology also grows bigger and better. One of the most vital periods for industrial innovation was between the 14th century and 17th century. Many technologies were created and designed during this era. Not another century came when important technologies were invented and developed. Modernization still continues to rise today to bring advances and innovations to technology.

Researchers from Finland have proven that a noninvasive procedure could diagnose people if they have prostate cancer using a technology called electronic nose. In line with this, the study has been done effectively, in which the eNose have successfully distinguished which person has prostate cancer and which person has benign prostatic hyperplasia by smelling the samples. Reports of dogs able to detect cancer has been in the news in the year 1980. This news triggered lots of researchers to conduct research and they have come up with the conclusion that a trained sniffer dog could really detect cancer. However, some implications surfaced. The researchers inferred from the findings that there would be limited uses. “eNoses have been studied in various medical applications, including early detection of cancer, especially from exhaled air,” says lead investigator Niku KJ. Oksala, MD, PhD, DSc, of the Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Tampere and Department of Vascular Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Finland. “However, exhaled air is a problematic sample material since it requires good cooperation and technique from the patient and immediate analysis, while urine is simple to attain and store, and is therefore more feasible in clinical practice. Preliminary data suggested that

The study has been conducted by a student from University of Massachusetts Lowell. This study is about a portable eNose for detecting and classifying ten different volatile organic compounds. This eNose is consisted of sensors composed of four “Taguchi Gas Sensors”, a MSP430 microcontroller and a simple delivery system. During the study of using portable eNose, a microcontroller has extracted the reactions from the Taguchi Gas Sensors. There were different pattern of reactions from each of the ten chemicals. Principle Component Analysis plots showed that 96.66% of the sensor responses were captured. Furthermore, 78.67% were generated with the correct