Moreover, employees can often respond to stress in a negative manner, and stress is known to lead to unethical decision making (Selart, & Johansen, 2011). The main causes of organizational stress are time management issues, unstable work conditions, underpayment, people, and difficult people (Walden University, 2015e) which in turn
1. Nordstrom practises caused work-related stress by negative job characteristics of role conflict, ambiguity and overload and organizational characteristics of organizational contingency and non-contingency and job context (Cordes & Dougherty, 1993). Stressors-strain approach indentifies negative work characteristics causing damage in psychological and physical health of the employees (Cotton & Hart, 2003). Role conflict defines unclear role description and objectives upon hire (Cordes & Dougherty, 1993), to which management of Nordstrom openly admitted. Commitment to customer service was uncertain.
Interpersonal work conflict is defined as a lack of agreement (Lawless and Trif, 2016). There are three sources of interpersonal conflict: personal characteristics, interactional difficulties and differences in perceptions (Borkowski, 2016, p. 308). The inherent differences in people, our perceptions, life circumstances and experiences lead a countless number of personal characteristics in the workplace which impact performance and outcomes (Lipsett, 2012). Interactional difficulties are ultimately the result of mismatched communication and relational skills (Borkowski, 2016, p. 309). Perspective and perceptive differences are created by the combination of conflicting personal characteristics and interactional difficulties subject to each individual's interpretation (Borkowski, 2016, p. 309).
Introduction Gone are the days when people lived in peace with each other. Today we are up for all kinds of disagreement between two individuals or subgroups of an organisation involving significant resentment and discontent. It goes without saying that this causes huge unrest and creates a very unfriendly work environment. Such an occurrence is addressed as a conflict. These can be of 4 types in general and they are as follows: Interpersonal conflicts - Interpersonal conflict occurs when one person intervenes with another person 's efforts at achieving a goal.
Generally if a person is in a positon of power or status they feel they need to protect them and often they become threatened by another person’s abilities in their job performance (Lutgen- Sandvik & McDermott, 2008). Another reason why people bully can be due to employee competition such as, sale targets being achieved. This can lead to verbal abuse as employees may try to discredit a fellow colleague by spreading rumours to sabotage their competitor (Lutgen- Sandvik & McDermott, 2008). Also, those working within the health and social care professions are working in extremely stressful environments, therefore competition between colleagues may lead to increasing demands on job performance. Similarly, Einarsen and Zapf (2003) highlight the reasons why people become victims or targets of bullying within the workplace environment.
Conflict Conflict is the disagreement among different persons or individuals featured by hostility and antagonism. It is motivated by one party opposing another with an aim to perform a different opinion from the other party. The conflict elements contain different sets of principles as well as values, therefore, causing the conflict, (David et al., 2017). Intergroup conflict The type of conflict occurs due to misunderstanding among different groups within an organization. The conflict is experienced in different departments in an organization’s setting due to differences in their goal settings and interests, (Barney & Ouchi, 2015) The groups or teams may also experience the conflict due to the competition among them in addition to rivalry in resources and boundaries initiated by the specific groups to show their personal identities.
Addressing the above gaps therefore particularly important given that service sector is typically associated with a high level of service failure (Miller et al., 2000; Yoo et al., 2006), frequent exposure to customer complaints (Wildes, 2007), limited job control and low decision latitude unaccounted extra work load and other work characteristics, which make these employees highly susceptible to elevated levels of occupational stress leading to cultural issues. Many OS models have been used to demonstrate that stressors at work load to negative physical, psychological and behavioural changes (Kahn and Byosiere, 1992). According to the transactional model of stress (Lazarus and Folkman, 1984), the process of stress depends on the person’s appraisal of the situation. Therefore, individual differences variables that might relate to perceptions should be given more attention in occupational stress
As a result of this social stigma, this can negatively affect the ways that members in technological relationships view their relationships. After speaking with Catherine, Theodore’s view of his relationship with Samantha becomes distorted by her comments. As a result, he becomes withdrawn from Samantha, propelings the destruction of their
Introduction Interpersonal conflict is conflict that occurs between two or more persons that work together in teams or groups. This is a conflict that occurs between two or more folks, who hold polarized points of view, who are somewhat intolerant of ambiguities, who ignore delicate shades of grey, and who are quick to jump to conclusion. Conflict arises due to a variety of factors. Many individual differences lead to interpersonal conflict, including personalities, perceptions, culture, attitudes, values and the other differences. The interpersonal conflict is the process through which a person or a department frustrates another from obtaining the desired result.
Interpersonal Conflict Conflict can lead to a serious problem in any organization. It might not lead to the firm’s failure but it certainly can hurt an organization’s performance as well as lead to the loss of many good employees. Organizational conflict is a state of discord caused by the actual or perceived opposition of needs, values and interests between people working together. Conflict takes many forms in organizations, such as, interpersonal conflict, intragroup conflict, intergroup conflict and interorganisational conflict. In this discussion, we will mainly focus on interpersonal conflict.