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Engendering The Brain Summary

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Engendering the Brain written by Melissa Hines provides an insight of hormonal influences and implications on brain gender. The chapter begins with explaining the differences between gender difference and sex difference, and explains the psychological factors responsible for brain gender. It describes the role of hormones in the genetic development of individuals and their sexual differentiation. It illustrates a list of hormones, such as testosterone and DHT, which are responsible for sex-related characteristics. Furthermore, the chapter gives an account of how the gonadal hormone plays a crucial role in the development of human brain and human behavior. It differentiates the role of gonadal hormones in both humans and non-humans, and asserts …show more content…

Women prenatally exposed to higher levels of androgen and estrogen hormones are bisexual and homosexual when compared to those who had no exposure. Similarly, women exposed to higher levels of estrogen and androgen hormones during their early development are heterosexual. However, prenatal exposure to hormones does not impact the overall intelligence quotient of humans. Hormone fluctuations during adulthood are responsible for the behavior patterns of individuals. For example, higher levels of testosterone lead to aggressive behavior in males. The chapter summarizes that sex differences in the brain structure and function has a close association to the psychological characteristics, such as sexual orientation. Social experience of humans influences hormones to a great extent. The relation between hormones and sex differences possesses both clinical and social implications. According to medicine, humans with ambiguous genitalia fall under the female sex as it is easier to create female genitalia when compared to male genitalia. Furthermore, surgical procedures used for reconstructuring either male or female genitalia have always worsened the

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