Contribution of Men/Women in the Development of English Language and Linguistics
Godwin S.M, M.A., English Literature, Government Arts College, Ooty
English is one of the most spoken languages in the world; it has been subjected to so many changes from the beginning of its origin till now to attain this state. It is primarily a West Germanic language that originated from the Anglo- Frisian dialects which was brought to England by Germanic invaders who came from North West Germany and Netherlands. Developments of English are given in different phases such as proto- English, old English, Middle English, early modern English, and modern English. Throughout these phases there were several changes in words, formation of sentences, plurals, etc.
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One has to know how English language took changes, from proto-English to the present modern English there were several changes such as Phonological changes, grammatical changes, and the evolution of English pronouns too. Phonological history of English language will give us in detail the changes that English had phonetically. By knowing the phonological history one can understand that for over two thousand years English has undergone several changes in its vowels than consonants, in old English period, several umlaut processes affected vowels in complex ways, this eventually lead to a loss of grammatical case and grammatical gender in the early Middle English. One of the most important umlaut process was I-mutation (c. 500CE), which lead to pervasive alterations of all sorts, among those many of them survive in the modern day English that we use at present. It made changes to several parts of speech such as noun paradigms (foot vs. feet), verb paradigms (sold vs. sell), normal derivatives from adjectives (strong vs. strength), from other nouns (fox vs. vixen), verbal derivatives (food vs. to feed), and comparative adjectives (old vs. elder). Comparing with vowels consonants is more stable, although few consonants such as velar consonants are modified by palatalization, this produced alterations such as speak vs. Speech
As discussed in the article by Clive Thompson, many people use different ways of speaking. Based on text conversations, social media posts, and comments language has made a drastic change. TBH grammar has made like a huge change on society. Lookin at billboards and social media, people post is a totally diff manner than speaking. Lol I remember the last conversation I had with my aunt that lives in Charleston, SC.
From this perfromance, I learned that eventhough songs should be sung on vowels, the consonants that one chooses to use can help to create a deeper meaning in a piece of
Depending on where you live or where you are from, there was probably a different dialect in the way they spoke the language. In the South, for example, we from the West think they have an accent and vice versa. It is a distinction of different societies within a nation. Sometimes, this can be good and other times it can be not as good.
Long ago the ability to read and write was given to very few, stories were spread by word of mouth, changing with each telling almost as if they were living breathing beings. They became reflective the cultures surrounding them and of the people telling them. Language is much like the stories it produces. Language is constant evolving, changing with each passing day. New words are created, and older words fade from use.
-Describe how atypical development may impact on areas of development. The different aspects of children's development are interlinked and co-dependent, so they will each be important to the child's holistic development. Children's overall development and educational needs will be affected by the way in which they develop in key areas. As children grow and pass different milestones or key points, they will gradually become more independent and less reliant on those around them in preparation for the future.
This also was the case with a few phonological letters for example , “of /n/ for /ng” in participles and gerunds. Second, there is a majority of language features that are not complete. That happened because of their half
They relied mostly on spoken word as the only form of communication, and as a result, the American Southern dialect contains a more preserved form of sixteenth century English than any other English dialect analyzed to date. The American Southern dialect is considered one of the most complex English dialects in current use. Therefore, it is difficult for linguists to interpret every pattern and rule accurately. The following report touches upon only the most distinctive features of the dialect, as well as the known origins of
Women in their early thirties had started to use less traditional speech and opting for a more gender neutral style. Even though, women are opting for a neutral style of speech there is still some differences between young women and young men speech. For instance, women between the age of twenty and thirty would use私 (わたし), while younger girls would use うち. Recently, some girls have been adopting the word僕 (ぼく), sometimes they would even use俺 (おれ). In male speech, they use first-person pronoun 俺 (おれ) and the second-person pronoun お前 (おまえ). The ending of male speech also changes to えぇor たかい toたけぇ、ない toねぇ、きたない to きたねぇ、やばい to やべぇ.
All my "feminine" words are untouchable, palpable, and intangible things. For instance, laughter is a feminine word. We are unable to touch laughter even though we can hear and feel it. History is also a feminine word. It is written down on the paper; it is spread from mouth to mouth.
The United States is a place of freedom. We are a mixing pot that unifies as one. Many religions, cultures, and languages make their home in the Unites States. Many foreigners see the U.S. as an opportunity to seek better lives and education, but when it comes to foreigners and native-born non-English speakers that do not yet know English, it becomes a little more difficult to go about an average day let alone make a better future. Children in school often become English Language Learners, or ELL, to assimilate to the American standards.
This research study article “Dialect Awareness and Lexical Comprehension of Mainstream American English in African American English-Speaking Children” written and conducted by Jan Edwards, Megan Gross, Jianshen Chen, Maryellen C. MacDonald, David Kaplan, Megan Brown, and Mark S. Seidenberg examines the sociocultural conditions of AAE. The writers hypothesize that children who speak AAE have trouble comprehending words that are not commonly present in the dialect. The purpose of the study is to promote dialectal awareness and dialectal comprehension. The article’s research team is from the University of Wisconsin Madison, which holds one off the nations top Speech Language Pathology programs.
This was the process which led to literary language slowly rising towards standardization. 3.3 Standardization of the English Language William Shakespeare’s writings are a part of one of the factors that led to the standardization of English, because as soon as they became popular, his words and phrases were put into full action and from this, the grammar and rules of English slowly started being established. Moreover, his writings represent the rules that are currently being used in the English language, for example, he reinitiated the use of suffixes in grammar. Although he has been dead for a very long time and English has been more modernised since then, Shakespeare’s grammar still remains the same.
The Modern English language has a rich history, it develops and changes like many other world languages. The English language has mainly been influenced by Latin, Germanic and French over a period of two thousand years. The English Lexicon includes words from over 120 countries, however Latin, Germanic and Latin account approximately less than 30% each. The English language is second to none in the variety and amount of lexical words. The most penetrating influence on English in history is French during the Middle English period after the Norman conquests.
Phonemic Awareness and Phonics As a ESL student, I learned a lot information to teach young students to read, pronounce letters and words. “English is an alphabetic language, and children learn crack this code as they learn about phonemes (sound), graphemes (letters), and graph phonemic (letter-sound) relationship (Tompkins, p.103). My first language`s letters sounds never changed, but in English it changes when different letters come together for example “sh”, “ch” and words are cat and cent. When you read these word, sound is changing first letter of words even same letter.
GRAMMAR: Old English is inflected language. Its grammar resembles with the grammar of German Language. The nouns and adjectives are inflected for four cases in the singular and four in the plural, although the forms are not always distinctive. The adjective have separate forms for each of three genders.