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Urban Wastewater Environmental Challenges

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INDUSTRIAL WASTE WATER TREATMENT AND OTHER ENVIROMENTAL PROBLEMS IN WUHAN
Han, S.S., Wu, X., 2004. City profile Wuhan, Citites, Vol. 21, No. 4. 349-362.

Clean water is an essential resource for people and their environments throughout the world. Those who provide effective solutions for wastewater treatment play a major role in returning clean, safe water back to its source. In fast pace of modern lifestyle, great advances have been made in the development of efficient technologies but challenges still remain. In this outlined some major challenges being faced by wastewater treatment plants. Energy consumption is one of the largest expenses and challenges in operating a wastewater treatment plant. Wastewater treatment is estimated to consume …show more content…

It is estimated that climate change has a dual effect on wastewater treatment (WWT) plants. The processes occurring in a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) are subsequently affected by climate change; more extreme weather events and earlier snowmelt runoff will lead to more untreated sewer overflows, increased flooding, etc. Due to increased scarcity of water resources, wastewater reuse will become more necessary as climate change accelerates. On the other hand, during wastewater treatment, greenhouse gases (GHGs) including carbon dioxide (CO2) from aerobic (oxidation processes), methane (CH4) from anaerobic processes (3–19 % of global anthropogenic methane emissions), and nitrous oxide (N2O) (3 % of N2O emissions from all sources) associated with nitrification/denitrification (NDN) processes, as an intermediate product, can be emitted to the atmosphere. The various problems associated with climate change and WWT operation and the solutions that can be applied to deal with them are discussed in this chapter.Other main challenges in the water sector are demographic and climate change, but also the increasing urbanization in many parts of the world, causing new infrastructural problems. The increasing trend to save water economically or ecologically driven makes it difficult in areas with declining population to maintain or achieve further increase of efficiency in the existing plants. Wastewater treatment plants up to recent times have been exclusively designed to eliminate loads of organic matter as well as environmentally and hygienically critical substances. On the other hand wastewater is an important resource, regarding materials and energy. The recovery of nutrients from wastewater and use of the energy potential should be seen as strategic objective for

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