Anthropogenic Pollution

Industrialization, intensification of agriculture and development of human lifestyle in general during the last decades have led to increasing amounts of various chemical compounds in our environment. As a result of anthropogenic activity, the input of contaminants to the ecosystem constitutes a serious and growing problem that may exert toxicological effects on humankind and all the living organisms (Tabassum et al. 2016).

Field studies on ecotoxicological effects are useful to identify bioindicator species and assess the quality of the environment (Sánchez-Chardi et al. 2009). Kekkonen et al (2012) attest that wild birds are a good bioindicators of anthropogenic pollution, due to their sensitivity to pollutants. Particularly, passerine birds

The pollution of living environment in this area presents an ecological problem mainly due to the operation in the early 1970s of the Gabès- Ghannouche factory complex of phosphate treatment for acid and fertilizer production. The pollution level in this region can be illustrated from some information’s by (Azri et al. 2002a, b; Béjaoui et al. 2004; Ayadi et al. 2015), whose revealed that the Gabès–Ghannouche factory complex emitted 11,250 tons of phosphogypsum, containing heavy metals, per day in the sea as well as huge quantities of toxic gases, essentially sulfuric oxides (SO2) and nitric oxides (NOx) into the air. The industrial activities in the region may have contributed to the degradation of the biodiversity of the

We aimed to add new data to the ecotoxicological literature from one particularly polluted but largely unexplored area. To our knowledge, the present work is the first attempt to explore the influence of mediated stress via structural and biochemical investigations on the injuries induced in liver tissues of Hybrid sparrows captured from