Usually, epidemiological studies focus on a population selected from a specific area or country. Based on this, sub-groups may be defined for the selected population like age, ethnicity or sex. Epidemiology can be considered as one of the tools for improving population health; for instance, finding out the etiology (cause) of communicable diseases. It is also used to ascertain the disease burden in populations so that health authorities can carry out necessary preventive measures (Bonita et al.,
Health is determined by several factors, some of these including genetic inheritance, personal behaviors, access to quality healthcare, and our general external environment. In a growing variety of research, we have documented associations between social and cultural factors and health. Many Anthropologist measure these factors using two forms of analysis. Biocultural and cross-cultural. The biocultural approach: defined as, “Perspective that considers the social, ecological, and biological aspects of health and how they interact within and across populations” (Wiley & Allen p. 9).
This approach is the attempt to understand health in the fullest context (The Biopsychosocial Approach). The biopsychosocial approach takes into account biological, psychological, social factors, and the complex influences they have on each other which results in a more complete understanding of peoples health (The Biopsychosocial Approach). When looking at biology’s role in health we are frequently looking at things such as genetics, physiology, neurology and disability. When looking at the social context we are normally looking at social systems, cultures, economic status, religion, education. When looking at psychology’s role in health we look at beliefs, neurosis, skills, personality, behaviors, past trauma, coping skills, and learning/memory.
Public health organizations require well-designed information systems in order to make optimal use of the mounting supply of health-related data. Organizations rely on these systems to inform managerial decision making and improve operations in areas such as epidemiologic surveillance, health outcomes assessment, program and clinic administration, program evaluation and performance measurement, public health planning, and policy analysis. Information systems have emerged as an essential public health tool. Today, information systems provide real-time data to guide public health de¬cisions. The rise in importance of health information systems (HISs) has three fundamental sources: (1) the expanding breadth of data available from multi¬ple public
This affects a large proportion of people in the United States and other Western nations. Thus, creating effective health messages and rapidly identifying and adapting those to appropriate audiences are essential to achieving the healthy people. In response, social marketers have adapted commercial marketing for health purposes. Social marketing now uses commercial marketing techniques such as analyzing target audiences, identifying the objectives of targeted behavior changes, tailoring messages, and adapting strategies like branding to promote the adoption and maintenance of health behaviors. Key trends include the recognition that messages on health behavior vary along a continuum from prevention to promotion and maintenance, as reflected by theories such as the trans theoretical model; the need for unified message strategies and methods of measuring reactions and outcomes and competition between health messages and messages that promote unhealthy behavior from product marketers and
There are three major sociological prespectives on healthcare, one which cover the micro level of anaylsis and two cover the macro level of analysis. 1. The functionalist perspective (Macro level) The functionalist perspective focuses more with how healthcare and health within society functions and will provide you with an appreciation of how big your impact is on society with your role as a healthcare professional. Good wellbeing and medical care are Important for a functional coordination of a society. If a member got sick, this would cause an imbalance and a disruption in the functioning of the society as a whole.
Countries all over the world use different types of healthcare systems based on their economic state and the level of organization. The health care systems also differ based on their source of funding, whether private, public or a combination of
measurement is driven by comparing the individuals’’ or organizations’’ performance which results in a desire to either maintain or improve performance relative to the others and the reliability provided of the safety and quality services. In the healthcare system’s quality, it is of importance if the aspects that necessitate measuring are determined. Monitoring of performance is dependent on information that is of good quality that can be achieved solely through employing systematic process that collects date consistently. This is where the KPIs step in and is used in aiding performance monitoring and subsequently contributed to performance improvement. However, for the full effectiveness of the KPIs clear definition should be employed to
Two health campaigns were presented to elaborate on the importance of communication strategies to effectively send the right message to the right people. Lastly, guide for communication strategy from Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health/Center for Communication Programs was presented to better understand what works in promoting health-related
ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to find out what can be done to enhance the quality of services and satisfy patients of Accidents and Emergency Department (AE Dept.) in RIPAS Hospital, Brunei Darussalam. The research objective is to determine actions and to assess the health care services provided the department in order to help attain high quality level and excellence. Research questions will serve as a guideline to understand how good quality services can lead to positive consumer satisfaction and how understanding patients’ expectation and motivation for medical care in the AE Department may lead to maximizing consumer satisfaction. In this regard, a framework known as SERVQUAL model, among several other tools of measuring service