Error Analysis Mistakes

2.1 Error Analysis Before the elaboration of Error Analysis (EA) is presented, it is necessary to clarify the distinction between error and mistake in a proper perspective for the misunderstanding about these two words can be avoided. Etymologically, these two words are synonym which has a similar meaning. However, in language learning, error and mistake are two terminologies which have different definitions. Some linguists had defined these terminologies in some different definitions. According to Edge (as cited in Harmer, 2007, p. 137), error is the mistake which cannot be corrected by students themselves. So that, explanation towards the error is needed. In line with that definition, Ellis (1997, p.17) stated that error occurs as the result of the unknown grammatical rules that students had. Additionally, Ellis (1997, p.17) stated that error is the reflection of gaps in the students’ knowledge. Different from the definitions of error mentioned beforehand, Brown (as cited in Yang & Xu, 2001, p. 17) defined mistake as a failure in applying a known rules correctly. From the different

After the data have been collected, the next step is the identification of errors. This step can be accomplished by labeling the incorrect forms with different degree of precision depending on what kind of errors that want to be analyzed. After that, the errors are classified into errors types. For example, the errors can be classified into errors of agreement, articles, etc. In the next step, the frequency of each errors type is stated. Then, the areas of difficulty in the target language are identified. Lastly, the therapy can be conducted by teachers. Sridhar stated that the therapy regarding students’ errors can be various, such as remedial drills, lessons,