This study allows us to reveal the difference, similarities and relationship between Coney Island Beach and Changi Beach, how the species observed and abundance are affected by their environment. Among the various type of marine organisms that were surveyed at Coney Island, the highest abundance of slow sessile organism by phylum observed are Annelida (2248) (Fig. 2), and the highest percentage of non-sessile organism by phylum, is the Tracheophyta (49.42 ± 36.49 %) (Table 2.). Coney Island is located at the north east of Singapore (Fig. 1). Coney Island’s Beach overlooks an industrial estate and a port belonging to Malaysia, Johor. With the port an industrial estate located nearby, it causes high human activity which could lead to water …show more content…
Many of the seagrass observed during surveys, seems to be dying. Changi Beach is located at the east of Singapore (Fig. 1). Located nearby Changi Beach are ferry terminals, aquaculture farms and a military training ground (Pulau Tekong). Hence it is prone to high human activity which can cause an increase in turbidity and pollution of the water. This could be the reason why the seagrass is dying at Changi Beach as the increase in turbidity would block sunlight from reaching the seagrass, preventing or lowering the rate of photosynthesis (Sankar et al. 2012). As the seagrass habitat is crucial for crustacean’s survival, the dying of seagrass could be a reason on why there is a significant difference in the Arthropoda abundance of Coney Island and Changi Beach. Another reason for the significant difference in the Arthropoda between the sites could be due to the environment, the high turbidity of water could have make locating of the Arthropods harder. The water conditions could also be different from the sites making one place more habitable than the other in this case, Coney Island could be more habitable than Changi …show more content…
The high turbid water could have prevented the cyanobacteria from gaining enough energy to reproduce quickly into a colony than at Coney Island. Cnidarians are also low in abundance (Fig. 2) probably due to the same reason, turbidity, they are recorded at the middle zone (Fig. 4b) all of which are the same species (Fig. 5b), Stichodactyla haddoni at Changi Beach.
From table 1., between Coney Island and Changi Beach, Changi Beach has a greater diversity than Coney Island this is because the higher the Simpson’s Diversity Index, the more diverse the site is. The reason for the difference in Simpson’s Diversity Index could due to the abundance (Fig 2, 4a & 4b) and species richness (Fig 3, 5a & 5b). The main factors that contributed was due to the high abundance of annelids observed in Coney Island and the number of species found in both sites by zones (Fig 5a & 5b) differs by 9 species.
The Multi-Dimensional Scaling for the relationship
Ecological Succession Report of Conrad’s Beach Anthony Cormier (B00719104), SCIE 1505X October 23rd 2015 Abstract – The study to prove that ecological succession occurred at Conrad’s beach took place at Conrad’s beach in Nova Scotia. Species richness, height and amount of organic material was sampled by using a 1m x 1m quadrat. As predicted the abundance and size of the organisms were larger further as the groups got further from the sand dunes.
Introduction For two days, on the 14th and 15th of April, a field excursion to Hastings Point, New South Wales was conducted. At Hastings Point, topography, abiotic factors and organism distribution were measured and recorded, with the aim of drawing links between the abiotic factors of two ecosystems (rocky shore and sand dunes), the organisms which live in them, and the adaptations they have developed to cope with these conditions. Within these two ecosystems, multiple zones were identified and recorded, and this report also aims to identify the factors and organisms associated with each zone. Lastly, using data and observations from the past, predictions for the future of the rock pool ecosystem were made.
1. It is a scientific fact that biodiversity is greatest near coral reefs and estuaries. But because of human influence coral reefs around the world are dying. Human coastal development, pollution, ocean warming, and ocean acidification are all things that threaten them. The World Research Institute estimated that about ¾ of the worlds shallow reefs are threatened by climate change, pollution, and overfishing.
The water change may have also caused an outbreak of Legionnaires’ disease in the county. Legionnaires’ disease has killed about ten people, and has affected seventy-seven more. Many lawsuits have been filed towards the government officials because of this issue. Jurgis and his family are having a tough
These banks contain coral rubble, seagrass and macroalgae with other invertebrate taxa, which play a key part in the ecosystem. The bank systems contain essential fish habitats, which provide sheltering and foraging grounds. Past studies have indicated these fish assemblages showed a high diversity and biomass of coral reefs. Most of the biomass in the Florida Keys ecosystem is made up of species that stay in channels for most of the day. These signs show that the bank systems are important for the FKNMS for providing a structural support and high productivity for the biodiversity.
Recently, because of the downturn of sharks, those coral reefs and seagrass
The serious threat to the health of the IRL is the reduced water quality due to the manmade hydrologic changes, non-point pollution, loss
Prior to industrialization, the forests used to serve as buffer zones from the farms to naturally sift out much of the excess nutrients. With the growth of population, farms, and factories, thousands of acres of forest has been leveled, eliminating the natural barrier. Along with the with forest loss, the use of pesticides and chemicals has degraded the water so much that the Bay is currently on the Environmental Protection Agency 's "dirty waters" index.
Using the reservoir can help prevent a decrease in useable water level in San Francisco and prevent health harms from the water coming from “questionable
Invasive species interact with the global health of ecosystems; cause great damage to natural systems and are a huge cost to society as a whole (1). Biologists and environmentalists are alarmed that the invasions of these species could lead to large-scale declines and extinction of native species (3). There are approximately 50,000 foreign species Living in the United States, causing major environmental damages which costs add up to about $120 billion a year. It is believed that about 42% of the threatened or endangered species are at risk because of invasive species (4).
1.0 Introduction 1.1 Purpose The purpose of this report is to investigate the impacts of urban development on biodiversity at stumers creek dog beach. This report will include data collected from the creek including; water samples, soil samples and animal and excrement surveys in order to determine the health of the environment. 1.2 Location Stumers Creek is located in Coolum Beach, on the Sunshine Coast in Queensland Australia. The sub catchment of Stumers Creek covers an area of 13km2.
Sediment and nutrient pollution is a huge contributor to the poor water quality in the bay. While some nutrient variation is expected due to normal changes in weather,
In turn, this causes serious health implications. This paper focuses on the social, economic and environmental conditions such as the impacts
All of this pollution is making it hard to keep people safe considering the water is unsafe to drink or even swim in. Factories using the water do not know that the water is
The beachgrass provides more cover for predators that eat seabirds and native