Chapter II Review of Related Literature This chapter presents the description and review of some literature and research studies that are useful and relevant to provide essential insights in the development of this study. Related Literature Writing is defined by Marcus (1992) as humankind’s principal technology for collecting, manipulating, storing, retrieving, communicating, and disseminating information, writing may have been invented independently three times in different parts of the world. Schmandt and Besserat (1992) stated that the artifacts, mostly geometry forms such as cones, spheres, disk, cylinder and avoids, are recovered in archaeological sites dating 8000-3000 BC, the tokens are used as counters to keep track of goods, where the earliest code a system of …show more content…
Krashen (2017) studied the role of input (Reading) and instruction in developing writing ability. The researcher attempts to review the arguments of supporting hypothesis whether we acquire advanced skills in composition primarily in reading, specifically by self-motivated reading for interest and or pleasure. This apparent contradiction is resolved by the simple hypothesis that reading and instruction or practice make different sorts of contributions to the development of writing skills. Awad Soliman Keshta, Ismail Ibrahim Harb, 2013: The effectiveness of a blended learning program on developing Palestinian tenth grader’s English writing skills. With this regards, the researchers sought to answer whether the other four macro-skills has a contribution in the acquisition of writing of the students. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of using a blended learning program on developing the writing skills of tenth grader’s in Palestine. The findings revealed that there were significant differences in the mean scores of the test favor to the experimental group. Authors also recommended that education stakeholders should adopt the blend learning program in teaching
As I was reading Melissa Duffy’s “Inspiration, and Craig Vetter’s “Bonehead Writing,” I found myself connecting with Vetter’s paper more than Duffy’s. I found that the presentation in “Bonehead Writing” to capture my attention, and that Vetter’s feelings about writing was similar to my opinion on writing. Through his wording and humor, I think Craig Vetter wrote the best essay. I find that the wording and presentation of an article or essay influences my opinion of the writer, and it affects how I receive the idea they are trying to present to me. Craig Vetter uses a blunt approach to convey his idea that writing is nearly impossible to teach, and describes writing as “A blood sport, a walk in the garden of agony every time out.”
2.4 Issues of concern including, children 's needs, harms, risk and protective factors Issues of concern, children’s needs, harms, risks and protective factors in this case study are illustrated in this section through the use of social work knowledge, theories and values. The children’s needs can be assessed through the use of The Barker and Hodes Common Assessment Framework (CAF). This tool provides a nationally standardised approach to assessing children and young person’s in need and deciding how the needs should be met. The CAF focuses on three areas including developmental needs, parenting capacity and family and environmental factors (Barker & Hodes, 2007). It also takes into account the parent’s ability and willingness to take responsibility and work with professionals to achieve change.
In her essay "Does Texting Affect Writing?", Michaela Cullington presents her argument that texting does not impact formal writing written by students. She discusses the concerns presented by many people about how texting language can transfer into writing, but through the use of personal experiences and credible sources she discusses how this is not true. Her use of multiple different studies and situations help boost her argument and allow the reader to truly see how students actually do formal writing. She presents a strong argument as to why those who believe students don't have the control and knowledge to write formally, instead of with text speak, are wrong.
Steelheart by Brandon Sanderson is a fictional story that was created for the sole purpose of entertaining primarily, but not limited to a young adult audience. The tale takes place in a dystopian Chicago after the calamity, an event that bestowed several humans with supernatural powers, transforming them into Epics. The this event leads the book to attract young adults and children because “Since Calamity appeared in the sky. One year year since ordinary men started changing. Turning into Epics- almost like superheroes from the stories”(Sanderson 3).
It is unclear whether writing was invented by the Sumerians or the Egyptians. However, what is not disputed is the Sumerians created one of the first and most distinguished forms of writing. 2. What are the cognitive, linguistic, and cultural changes that have accompanied the invention of reading and writing?
Topic Sentence 3: Documents like the Code of Hammurabi have shown that Mesopotamians use their
Adam Choquette Period 7 Mr. Coulter Honors English II March 3, 2016 Breaking Man’s Chains In the last chapter of Anthem, Equality reflects, “The best in me had been my sins and my transgressions”(98). He no longer holds the belief that society is simply ‘misguided’ or that they are ‘forgiving’. Instead, Prometheus embraces individuality, rejecting the concept that, “We are all in all and all in one” held by his former society (19). “I am done with this creed of corruption,” Equality declares, no longer willing to slave for his brothers (97).
The author, Natalie Wexler is a one of the founders of the board of trustees for the Writing Revolution. In her article, Why Americans Can 't Write, with the advent of email, writing ability has become more important than ever, and writing deficiencies have become increasingly apparent. The writing skills have been lacking in America, and the reason is because schools have only 24% of the students in eighth and 12th grades were proficient in writing and just 3% were advanced. The exercise doesn 't provide kids with the tools they need to write analytically. The standards in middle and in high schools teachers expect students to know things.
To have a decent understanding of how the human condition relates to literature, a person must have an understanding of what the human condition is. Medically, human condition relates to the state a human is in; however, on a larger scale, the meaning of human condition relates to the meaning of being alive and having the ability to feel emotions: happiness, sadness, anger, etc. Throughout history, society has a way of altering the meaning of different pieces of literature, which overall result in the meaning of the human condition changing. There are many famous novels, plays, and other forms of writing that test, analyze, and question the human condition: The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark by William Shakespeare; The Case for a Tragic
Not So Fast”, conducts her own study with a few colleagues to take notes on how students writing skills are changing. She decides to conduct another one twenty five years later to see how much the writing skills have changed since technology has been updated and became more available to students. She found that “students today are writing more than ever before.” Although we still have the same amount of writing errors as before, the patterns of errors are different. Many people argue that technology is only making our writing skill worse, this study helps to prove a different theory.
Written language can be traced back to 8,000 B.C. from the Ancient Sumerians, but of course before written language can be introduced to other places outside of Sumer, the Ancient Egyptians were using a form of written language, that is commonly attributed to them, Hieroglyphics. Growing up, everyone learned that hieroglyphics was the writing known in Ancient Egypt, but most don’t learn that it wasn’t the only one, in fact, hieroglyphics was the first form of written
This is a literary analysis on the novel 1984 by George Orwell. 1984 is a more recent classic dystopian novel. Written in 1949, it's based in the future year of what is presumed to be 1984. It focuses on the life of Winston Smith, a member of the newly established Party that rules over a territory called Oceania and that is led by a man called Big Brother. This novel provides a rather frightening insight into a dystopian socialist environment.
As the digital age comes upon us, more and more Americans become dissatisfied with the state of literacy in this generation. Because the Internet paves the way for shorter and shorter interactions, namely articles versus novels and six-second viral videos versus films, many people that grew up in the age of the Internet have a preference for this condensed form of entertainment. Dana Gioia of The New York Times asserts in his essay “Why Literature Matters” that the decline of reading in America is destined to have a negative impact on society as a whole. Gioia opens his essay with a bittersweet account of which trend is occurring in the twenty-first century America arts scene. He notes that as college attendance rates blossom, the interest
Literary Genres, the definition is in the name. A type of writing that runs on nothing but one’s imaginations and in some cases worst fears. It is created to give the readers a type of escape from the real world, and keeps them up through through the night flipping pages until they are finally finished the novel. Within literary genres comes a couple fan favourites, the Horror Genre, and the Romance Genre. The two tend to alternate reality in a way that creates a fantasy, or nightmare for us living in the novels of each genre.
Reflection By studying American Romanticism, we are able to learn that American literature allows its readers to understand transcendentalist views which led to individuals in American society to realize that everyone perceives the world differently. In American literature, individuals are able to understand the values of transcendentalism in which it illustrates the importance of nature, self reliance, and individuality through essays such as “Walden” by Henry David Thoreau, and Ralph Waldo Emerson’s essays “Nature” and “Self-Reliance”. In Henry David Thoreau’s essay “Walden” he says “ life never the bone where it is sweetest.” This quote suggests the importance of individuality due to the fact that we do not need to change to make others satisfied because we are only truly happy when we are able to accept ourselves. The best part in this unit was to look at an image and listen to the different