Anchorage Research Paper

Anchorage classification:
Anchorage classified according to the site where the anchorage units as:
Intraoral

This type of anchorage is said to exist when all the anchorage units are present within the oral cavity. Anchorage from all the intraoral sources of anchorage including the teeth, palate, etc. can form part of this type of anchorage.
Intraoral anchorage can be further divided into
 Intra maxillary anchorage (Here the teeth to be moved and the anchorage units lie within the same jaw)
 Intermaxillary anchorage (anchorage units situated in one jaw are used to provide the force required to move teeth in the opposing jaw.)(4)

TADS (Temporary Anchorage Devices) are biologically compatible devices used in orthodontics to provide absolute

These plates are made of commercially pure titanium that is biocompatible and suitable for osseointegration. The miniplate consists of the three components—the head, the arm, and the body the head component is positioned outside of the dentition so that it does not interfere with tooth movement.
The head component has three continuous hooks for attachment of orthodontic forces. There are two different types of head components. (8) From reference: "Shingo Kuroda, Yasuyo Sugawara, Toru Deguchi, Hee-Moon Kyung, and Teruko Takano-Yamamoto. Clinical use of miniscrew implants as orthodontic anchorage: Success rates and postoperative discomfort. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 2007."
Miniplate anchorage may be effective in controlling anchorage in the vertical and anterior-posterior planes, and therefore offers the orthodontist a particular advantage in treating skeletal open bite malocclusions.
Extra-oral
This type of anchorage is situated outside the oral cavity. An extraoral appliance, such as headgear, can reinforce the intraoral anchorage by preventing its movement. A headgear transmits force to the anchor teeth via a facebow. A facebow is composed of inner and outer

Its action is in the middle between the above two types of headgear. (3) Soft Tissue Effects
There was significant difference between the mini-implant and traditional anchorage technique in UL-E plane.(13)

From reference: "Tanaporn Ruksujarit, Chutimaporn Ruangsit. Orthodontic anchorage: A literature review. KDJ. Vol.5 No.2 July-December, 2002"

MUSCULAR ANCHORAGE
The perioral musculature is not only very strong but also resilient. The forces generated by the musculature can sometimes be used to bring about tooth movement. The lip bumper appliance may be used to distalize the mandibular first molars or the transpalatal arch when kept away from the palate, may cause the intrusion of the teeth to which it is attached, the maxillary first molars. (4)
The appliances using this type are oral screen, lip bumper, Frankel appliance, anterior and posterior raised bite. (3)

From reference: "Gurkeerat Singh. Anchorage in Orthodontics. Textbook of Orthodontics"

Loss of anchorag
Loss of anchorag: is unexpected movement of the anchor teeth .
Some exampless of loss of anchorage are:

• Poor appliance