displacement, velocity and acceleration as a function of natural vibration period or frequency and damping ratio of single degree of freedom system (SDOF).As the seismic forces strikes the foundation of structure it will move with the ground motion. It shows that movement of structure is generally more than the ground motion. The movement of structure depends on the natural frequency of vibration,. The revised IS 1893-2002 uses the dynamic analysis by response spectrum. In this method the most five important engineering properties of the structures i.e, the fundamental natural period of vibration of the building ( T in seconds), damping properties of the structure ,Type of foundation provided for the building , Importance factor of the building ,the ductility of the structure represented by response reduction factor are considered .
This significant reduction in base shear provides the engineer with the ability to eliminate the ductility demand and hence damage to the structural system. 2.The ability of a relatively stiff building to move as a rigid body above the isolators with little or no amplification of forces above the isolators. A fixed base building will amplify the ground accelerations by a factor of 2.5 to 4 at the roof depending on the structural system. When comparing the forces at the roof, a base isolated building will provide a factor of 8 to 12 reduction in the forces compared to the fixed base building. An example of this was the two 6 storey reinforced concrete buildings in the 1995 Kobe, Japan earthquake discussed above.
Besides that, in order to design structural elements many steps, formulas and calculations are needed based on codes of practice. Therefore, to ease the designing process, Microsoft Excel spreadsheets will be developed in order to carry out the design of structural elements. This spreadsheet can produce a design output faster than manual hand calculations. This final year project is focusing on the comparison of serviceability, limit state, bar anchorage and lap lengths of beam design according to British Standard 8110 and EC 2 using Microsoft Excel. A case study of a single storey reinforced concrete
Hollow block construction technique helps in thermal insulation of buildings. Double wall construction with proper ventilation may also be constructed on western side. The wall thickness plays a vital role in heat insulation. Thicker external walls are favoured as it acts as an insulating barrier. Walls with light coloured and glossy paints or cladded with reflective tiles on outer surface have good reflective quality and therefore heat is not absorbed.
• The development of adequate stress analyses for brick masonry. • To develop a deeper understanding of the behavior of brick masonry based on experiments and computer methods. • To fulfill the above aim the material characterization of brick masonry is carried out through experiments performed in material testing laboratory. 1.2 SCOPE OF WORK Goals of the project: The goal of this project is to do macro computer modeling of brick masonry under seismic loading in order to convert the highly indeterminate and nonlinear behavior of brick masonry into something that can be understood with an acceptable degree of certainty and in order to define and describe the behavior of masonry under seismic loading. Deliverables: • Extraction of mechanical properties of unreinforced brick masonry.
Calculating the response of a building structure during earthquake is what seismic analysis method is all about. Structural engineers are to perform seismic analysis so that they can build a robust building structure. BIM is at the very tender stage for fortification analysis. The current BIM tools are not advanced
The project was about design of one-way and two-way slab. The basic steps are to determine applied load, to analyze resultant load and to calculate reinforcement steel bars. The most significant part of my undergraduate studies is perhaps the graduation thesis. My thesis topic is “ Design Project of High-rise Building”. I had to design a 30 storey residental structure in ETABS and SAP as well as performed VBA modeling in Excel to obtain the Center of Rigid (COR) of the building to optimize steel requirements from the effect of torsion.
And he considered nonlinear relationship between the lateral shear force and lateral deformation of R.C Framed G+5 story building is calculated first by the static analysis and then go through the pushover analysis by using ETABS software. The pushover analysis was including 8 steps it has been observed that one sub sequent push to building, hinges started forming in beams first. Initially hinges were in A-B stage and subsequently proceeding to B-IO stage. Out of 198 hinges 194 in A-B stage, 4 in B-IO stage. Overall performance of building is said to be B-IO
On architectural scale there will be given a description on leftover space constructed due to design of the non-design architecture. This description is going to contain ideology formed by Dutch architect Herman Hertzberger and will be discussed with one of his works the LiMa Social Housing in Berlin. At last both scales are going to be summarized in the last part of this essay followed by a
Experimental, analytical and FEM analysis of passive CLD, FLD and patched layer treatment to reduce vibrations with different viscoelastic materials Pankaj R. Beldar, Prof.D.V.Kushare ABSTRACT- Vibrations of structures may cause many problems such as structural fatigue, unbalanced forces in machines, external excitations. It is important to reduce these unwanted vibrations, in order to increase the lifetime of structures. One of the technique adapted for the suppress severity of vibration is passive vibration technique which is used in structural dynamics to control vibration. Passive damping method is adding a layer of damping which is highly dissipative material like viscoelastic material and applied to metal objects to increase the damping in the total structure. Adding