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Essay On Brassica

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Abstract
The genus Brassica L. is one of the most economically important genera in the family Brassicaceae. It comprises a diverse group of species including major vegetable and oilseed crops with a wide range of agronomic traits. This review aimed to summarize recent knowledge of taxonomy, chromosome number, genomic relationships, geographical distribution, origin, domestication, breeding systems and technologies of Brassica species as well as their genetic diversity and phylogenetic studies at the level of biochemical markers including storage proteins and isozymes. This information would help developing new and more productive crops of disease resistance and high agronomic traits.
Keywords Brassica species; taxonomy; chromosome number; genomic relationships; geographical distribution; origin; domestication; breeding systems; biochemical markers.

Introduction
The genus Brassica L. belonging to the family Brassicaceae, plays an important role in agriculture and horticulture, as well as contributing both to the economy and health of populations around the world (Rakow, 2004; El-Esawi, 2012; El-Esawi et al., 2012a). It includes a diverse group of species comprising major vegetable and oilseed crops with a wide range of …show more content…

It is growing wild as a weed in the cultivated fields in the Mediterranean region (Rakow, 2004). Brassica napus L., commonly known as canola or oilseed rape, is the amphidiploid (allotetraploid) of Brassica rapa and B. oleracea (Rakow, 2004). The term ''canola'' was introduced in 1978 by the Canola Council of Canada, and often refers to Brassica napus, B. juncea and B. rapa species whose seed oil contains less than 2% erucic acid (Navabi, 2009). Both winter and summer forms of B. napus are grown as oilseeds in many countries. There are also root-forming B. napus types, known as tuber-bearing swede or rutabaga, grown as vegetables (Rakow,

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