Essay On Chemical Absorption Technology
An example of application of chemical absorption technology is in the natural gas purification plant whereby this method is used to remove contaminates carbon dioxide found in the gas feed by the action of exothermic reaction of the solvent with gases (Shimekit & Mukhtar, 2012). It is necessary to removed carbon dioxide as much as possible as it lowers the energy content of natural gas which indirectly affect the selling price of natural gas as well as causes damage to the pipeline and equipment in plant as it becomes acidic and corrosive when react with water, (Shimekit & Mukhtar, 2012).
The main concept used in this technology is dissolving contaminates gaseous in a solvent specifically can dissolve them. The most commonly used solvent for chemical absorption to remove acid gas in the natural or petroleum processing plant is alkanolamine such as monoethanolamine
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Extractor membrane is a membrane that remove product(s) which will shift the reaction equilibrium to the right side and hence increases the conversion and productivity. On the other hand, the function of distributor membrane is to limit the reaction by controlling the addition of reactant into the reaction. Lastly, active contactor membrane function as an engineered catalytic reaction zone whereby the diffusion of reactants to the catalyst is control.
The configuration of membrane reactor can be divided into two. The first one is whereby a separation and reaction is combined in a reactor which known as catalytic membrane (bio) reactor whereas the second one known as membrane recycle reactor consist of separated reactor and separator in which the reactant is continuously being recycle. The schematic diagram of these two types of membrane reactor is shown
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