Chronic Poverty: A Literature Review
Chronic poverty is an intensely studied subject in India. It is a state of destitution which traps people in poverty for long periods, making the escape inevitable (Devereux, 2003). A person stuck in chronic poverty is most likely to be unable to satisfy his or her basic requirements of food, water, shelter and financial support (CPRC,2004).
CPRC’s initial works focused on identifying and addressing the major reasons for chronic poverty. These reasons majorly included insecurity, risk and vulnerability (Shepherd,2007). It is observed that persistence of poverty has certain economic and non economic attributes. These attributes are associated with a person’s entitlements, endowments and access to resources. Poor endowments, limited accessibility
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The recent literature recognises and encapsulates the fundamentals of multiple deprivations along with economic shortfall. One of the major reasons for severe poverty is multiple deprivation, wherein people lack access to multiple resources coupled with an economic shortfall (Radhakrishna and Ravi,2004). Multiple deprivations include lack of land, credit, education, health, longevity and water along with economic and nutritional support. Being deprived of these resources pushes poor people into a deeper state of impoverishment, which when coupled with financial and health shocks, further aggravates the situation (Shepherd, 2007). The presence of a ‘positive economic shock’ and ‘safety nets’ in the society is imperative to remove chronically people from the adverse state and prevent them from being pushed back into severe …show more content…
In contrary to the theoretical hypothesis introduced in previous literature, the tests in this study furnish results which provide a new insight into the relationship between poverty and migration in Indian context. The results oppose the usual hypothesis, thereby helping us establish a new relationship governed by appropriate arguments. Given the high poverty incidence in India and adverse conditions accompanied by resource scarcity and limited migration records, the results of this study are crucial and lay down a strong foundation for future scope and extensive
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