Essay On Extremophiles
EXTREMOPHILES
INTRODUCTION
Earth hosts an array of varied environments which may range from hospitable to the most extreme environments where most life forms cannot survive or proliferate. However, there is a minority of organisms which have persisted and flourished in these extreme niches since life existed. The members of this minority, both single and multi-cellular, are collectively called extremophiles. Most known extremophiles are microbial in nature. The term 'Extremophiles' was termed by a biochemist Bob MacElroy who was associated with the Biological Adaptation Branch of NASA Ames where he studied Yellowstone thermophiles. He was working on the possibility of life in the Jupiter and Mars atmospheres. There are many reasons why extremophiles
…show more content…
Many extremophiles are not exclusively classified in to one group because of their environmental niches. This is a common observation since extreme environments have a multitude of factors which are extreme. For instance, hydrothermal vents have extreme temperatures , may have extreme pH and pressures. The extremophiles, living here would fall under multiple classes. Such extremophiles are called polyextremophiles. The common categories of extremophiles are as follows:
Psychrophiles
Organisms with the ability to survive at temperatures below –4° F. Temperature plays havoc at extremely low temperatures. When water freezes and ice crystals are formed in the cell, the crystals and rupture the cells- killing it in the process.
They produce unique proteins that act as antifreeze agents and protect them against freezing. Some have layers encompassing the cell which does not harden upon freezing. Chryseobacterium greenlandensis, has survived since the past 120,000 years lives nearly two miles deep within the Greenland glacier ice.
Thermophiles
Organisms with the ability to survive at temperatures ranging from 140° F to
Hastings Point Lab Report
1610 Words | 7 PagesThis adaptation is to retain moisture using a special structure – the operculum – which can be sealed when the snail is not eating to retain moisture within the shell. This is used especially between the high tides, as water only reaches this high zone at these times. Another factor associated with the supralittoral zone is harsh wind conditions, which was observed at Hastings Point where the temperature indicated a 12% increase in average temperature between the littoral and supralittoral zones. The black nerites adapted behaviourally to survive these conditions. To do this,
Unknown Lab Report
1444 Words | 6 PagesUnknown Lab Report Unknown # 25 By: Jenna Riordan March 19, 2018 Bio 2843 1. Introduction Microbiology is the study of microorganisms found in all different environments throughout Earth, from the hot thermal vents at the bottom of the ocean to the ice at the top of a mountain.
Zebra Mussels In The Hudson River
347 Words | 2 PagesThat includes the fish, zooplankton, worms, shellfish and bacteria. As
The Daphnia Magna Experiment
388 Words | 2 PagesThis laboratory experiment involving invertebrates is conducted to enable students to investigate Daphnia magna’s responses to external stimuli, therefore developing a better understanding and knowledge of homeostasis that occurs in organisms and the reaction and behavior exhibited by the daphnia magna when varying conditions are exposed to the organism compared to its natural environment conditions (Carter-Edwards et al, 2011). In order to understand the experiment, a foundation of information about the chosen organism such as its natural environment and physiology must be understood. According to Clare (2002) and Ebert (2005), Daphnia magna are small planktonic crustaceans belonging to the subclass Phyllopoda, found in lakes and
'Who Goes There? Or The Thing' By John W. Campbell
743 Words | 3 PagesThe following work of interest is “Who goes there?” or “The Thing” by John W. Campbell. Originally written in 1938, “Who goes there?” tells the story of a group of scientific researchers in Antarctica who discover a space ship and an alien creature entombed in ice. As the story progress the crew realize that the creature has escaped and has one deadly ability, the ability to imitate any living thing down to the cellular level.
The Only Alien On The Planet Essay Questions
727 Words | 3 PagesWho would have ever imagined a friendship to become something so important in one’s life? The Only Alien on the Planet is a book that conveys a variety of important life lessons through new experiences, meeting new people, and going through life's troubling situations. Above all, The Only Alien on the Planet illustrates how friendships are efficient and necessary in one’s life through the displayed emotions from Ginny, Hally, and Smitty as they also associate with each and one of us today. Ever since Ginny had moved out from her hometown to a completely different environment, she was devastated and greatly discouraged. Ginny had no idea what to do in her life, as she was beginning a new experience within her school year.
Cognitive Properties Of An Unknown Lab Report
976 Words | 4 PagesTitle and Authors Colligative Properties of an Unknown Adriana Garcia and Demonta Coleman. Chemistry 112-591 Introduction Cold-tolerant fish and animals survive the freezing waters and temperatures in which they live unlike other animals that could freeze to death due to their ability of lowering the freezing point of water in their bodies. This is due to freezing point depression, which is a colligate property, a physical property that depends on the number of solute particles in the solution. The purpose of the experiment was to determine the identity of an unknown solute by using the concept of freezing point depression.
David Foster Wallace's Essay 'Consider The Lobster'
386 Words | 2 PagesEssayist, David Foster Wallace, article “Consider the Lobster” discusses the deeper issue at hand found in the Maine Lobster Festival (2003) that attendees often overlook at or do not care; whether it is morally right to subject pain on animals because of gourmet delicacies. With this intention in mind, Wallace must wangle his point across readers of Gourmet magazine, his attended audience, in order for them to understand that the Maine Lobster Festival is not just about "the promise of sun, fun, and fine food" But a deeper issue at hand. Therefore, Wallace use of the rhetorical strategy Pathos throughout his essay creates an emotional impact on his readers; who have probably never consider the lobsters’ point of view. Consequently, allowing
Essay On The Conqueror Worm
779 Words | 4 PagesMany people that Edgar Allan Poe loved and cared about died, and his feelings about their deaths were reflected in his writings. Poe lost his wife and mother to tuberculosis, the Red Death, which spread like wildfire during Poe’s time. In “The Masque of the Red Death”, Poe writes of a Prince who built walls around his palace in an attempt to prevent the disease from getting inside. Through vivid descriptions and similes, Poe allows the reader to come to the conclusion that the Red Death got inside the walls anyway, and killed everyone in its path. In “The Conqueror Worm”, Poe writes of a worm that enters a theater during a play and eats the actors and the audience when they are least expecting it.
Daphnia Red Light Lab Report
1248 Words | 5 PagesIntroduction: Daphnia play a vital role in the ecosystem because they are an important part of the aquatic food web (Miner et al., 2012). When exposed to UV light, Daphnia swim deeper into the water (Morris et al., 1995). This natural movement is called phototaxis. Daphnia have been utilized as test subjects due to their simplicity and how environmental disturbances have impacted their ability to survive, including UV light.
Death Of The Moth By Virginia Woolf
723 Words | 3 PagesIn the story The Death of the Moth, Virginia Woolf illustrates the universal struggle between life and death. Woolf portrays in passing the valiance of the struggle, of the fight of life against death, but she acknowledges as well the difficulty of this struggle. Woolf’s purpose in writing this essay is to depict the patheticness of life in the face of death, and to garner respect for the awesome power that death has over life. Throughout the essay Woolf adopts a calm, observant, and sophisticated tone in order to present her message and experiences to her readers through imagery, symbolism, and her use of personification.
Biological Old Regime Essay
290 Words | 2 Pages1. What was “the biological old regime” and how did it arise from the intention of agricultural? The biological old regime was a period in Europe that lasted until the middle of the nineteenth century. During the biological old regime, the death rates were high and the birth rates were low.
Essay On Marine Biology
799 Words | 4 PagesMarine organisms are animals, plants, and other living things that live in the ocean. A Marine biologist is a scientist who studies marine organisms and studies the bodies, behavior, and the history of marine organisms. They also study how marine organisms interact with each other and their environment. I have chosen to research about Marine biology because I would like to learn about sea life, the ocean, and its surrounding environment. To start off, a Marine biologist might study coral, crabs, fish, microscopic marine organisms, sea stars, seaweed, squid, or whales.
Panspermia Hypothesis
1177 Words | 5 PagesThe LCHF provides insights into past mantle geochemistry and presents a better understanding of the chemical compositions that existed during the evolutionary transitioning, from geochemical processes to biochemical processes (Baker & German, 2004). However, there is a reason to doubt the origin of life from hydrothermal vents. One of the main arguments against the origin of life from the deep sea, is the fact that so many macromolecules are found in biology. Molecules such as DNA, RNA, proteins and lipids are all polymers and form via condensation reactions – a wet environment is required for molecules to mix, but water then needs to be removed in order to form a polymer (Da Silva,
Importance Of Dna In Forensic Science
1251 Words | 6 PagesMicrobes were the first organism to occupy the Earth. They are a group of the smallest organisms and are single cellular organisms. Microbes are becoming important in areas such as biochemistry, genetics, agriculture and medicine. They are also important decomposers. One example, of a microbial life is the prokaryotes called bacteria.
More about Essay On Extremophiles
Hastings Point Lab Report
1610 Words | 7 PagesUnknown Lab Report
1444 Words | 6 PagesZebra Mussels In The Hudson River
347 Words | 2 PagesThe Daphnia Magna Experiment
388 Words | 2 Pages'Who Goes There? Or The Thing' By John W. Campbell
743 Words | 3 PagesThe Only Alien On The Planet Essay Questions
727 Words | 3 PagesCognitive Properties Of An Unknown Lab Report
976 Words | 4 PagesDavid Foster Wallace's Essay 'Consider The Lobster'
386 Words | 2 PagesEssay On The Conqueror Worm
779 Words | 4 PagesDaphnia Red Light Lab Report
1248 Words | 5 PagesDeath Of The Moth By Virginia Woolf
723 Words | 3 PagesBiological Old Regime Essay
290 Words | 2 PagesEssay On Marine Biology
799 Words | 4 PagesPanspermia Hypothesis
1177 Words | 5 PagesImportance Of Dna In Forensic Science
1251 Words | 6 Pages