Food Security Definition
Food security
Food security is a widely used term in media and other communications. It is used by many in order to understand the situation of a country in terms of their food. In most cases, disease, hunger and food security tend to be used interchangeably and sometimes in relation to one another. Gentilini and, Smith, Pointing and Maxwell have identified about around two hundred definitions of food security. The most commonly used and accepted definition is the one approved by the 1996 World Food Summit (WFS) and it stays one of the significant accomplishments of the meeting (Gentilini, 2002), (Smith et al., 1993). “Food security exists when all people, at all times, have physical, [social], and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious
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Access is one of the most important elements of food security. This is because in the past 5 decades or so, the amount of food supply has been enough to provide for more than today’s population, but some people still do not have access to food. The WFP defines food access as “A household’s ability to acquire an adequate amount of food regularly through a combination of purchases, barter, borrowing, food assistance or gifts” (WFP, 2009, p.170). There are 3 elements of food access, namely physical, economical and socio-cultural aspect.
Physical aspect- This is the most thought out and presented dimension of the three. An example of the physical aspect is when food is produced in a certain area but because of lack of information and transport facilities to another area, the other area cannot access enough of the food supply. In this case, the food supply is only available to the people (and households) who need
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This dimension can be applied to the above 3 dimensions of food security. Food security does not occur at a certain time, it is a continuous situation of sustainability until a place reaches to a state of food insecurity which is when a population does not enough to support everyone. When one speaks of stability, it is essential to speak about food insecurity. The are two main types of food insecurity, namely chronic and transitory food insecurity. The chronic food insecurity is when a population fails to meet the minimum food requirements on a long-term basis (continuation). Transitory food security is the same as a chronic food insecurity but only on a short-term basis (temporary). Another type of food insecurity is cyclical food insecurity which refers to factors such as seasonality (Devereux,
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