Essay On Foot Arch

Morton thought that in a Morton’s foot condition, the first metatarsal was hypermobile, meaning there is an excessive movement of the big toe. He didn’t realize that in a Morton’s toe the metatarsal of the big toe is also elevated, so that when a person tries to walk with the legs and feet properly aligned, they are not properly weight bearing. The second toe being the longest is subjected to an increased stress and pressure on the proximal metatarsal and phalangeal joint. The implications are: in a person with Morton’s toe, he or she may develop calluses at the base of the second toe and associated pain on the ball of the foot. Tight fitting shoes can also worsen the condition because standerd fit shoes do not have enough space for the prodtruding second toe.

The characteristic symptoms of PAD include-fatigue, heaviness, tiredness, or painful cramping in your hip, thigh or calf muscles that occur after certain activities, such as walking or climbing stairs. What are the symptoms of peripheral artery disease? Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a condition, in which a build-up of

Secondly, unstable posture can be caused by brain trauma and cerebral palsy. Lastly, general physical problems affecting the lower limbs, such as broken legs, obesity, and knee and hip joint problems that have caused arthritis. Each condition

- Mixed Forms of Cerebral

The central cord syndrome occurs due to a spinal cord injury. When the person is affected loss of sense and motions of hands and legs is a common symptom. The central cord syndrome occurs due to the damage in the gray matter area of the spinal cord. In spinal stenosis is rare disorder which shows a narrowing of spinal cord in the foramen. It shows symptoms of loss of motor control, pain and paraesthesia.

70% of CP cases have spastic cerebral palsy which is the most common type and is caused by damage to the brain’s motor cortex. Spastic cerebral palsy can affect either one side of the body, commonly known as spastic hemiplegia, or both sides of the body. Spastic diplegia causes stiffness mostly in the legs, the arms may be affected, but not as severely. (Spastic Cerebral Palsy.., n.d, p.1) Both of these types involves stiff movements that are exaggerated, caused by increased muscle tone.

Conventionally, jumper’s knee can be noted as a patellofemoral pain syndrome. The teno-osseous junctions, where the attachments of the quadriceps tendon and patellar tendon occur, are the impacted areas under this condition. The described patellar pain affects the quadriceps tendon and patellar tendon inserted either into the tibial tuberosity or the patella (Curwin and Stanish, 1984). Thus, by definition, histologically, jumper’s knee

Here are the common causes why people develop extra bone over bone. 1. What Causes Bone Spurs? • Osteoarthritis Osteoarthritis is a degenerative bone condition that affects various joints of the body, including the spine. It is a common cause of low back pain, especially in older patients, that causes stiffness and pain.

Brain Aneurysm Four major blood vessel supply blood to the brain. They join together at the circle of willis at the base of the brain. Smaller arteries leave the circle and branch out to supply brain cells with oxygen and nutrients. Artery junction points may become weak causing a ballooning of the blood vessel wall to potentially form a small sac or aneurysm. Cerebral aneurysms are common but most are asymptomatic and are found incidentally at autopsy.

When the levels high the patient is said to be polycythemia. If a patient’s hematocrit levels are low they are said to be anemic. High plasma levels indicate hypervolemia, while low plasma levels indicate hypovolemia. When the buffy coat has increased it may be a sign of infection. In the findings they do not show a diagnosis.

Genu Recurvatum, otherwise known as back knee, is hyperextension of the knee. Hyperextension of the knee occurs when the knee joint passes more than 180 degrees. When this happens, the knee can usually pass about 10 to 15 degrees more than the standard degree (Anonymous, 2015). Here, the femur bone leans on the anterior part of the tibia instead of being balanced out (Loudon, Goist, Loudon, 1998). This could cause damage to the soft tissue around it, and increased stress on the knees.

One of the major motor diagnostic characteristics of this type of cerebral palsy is the involuntary, uncontrolled, bizarre and purposeless movements (athetosis) which may increase with excitement while solving a mental problem or during the performance of voluntary movement. The important point to note is that these movements are present at rest. These children have abnormal posture especially abnormal standing postures involve leaning the body backward while extending the hip, is very characteristic (Levitt, 2011, p. 9). When these individuals try to stand, it is hard for them to maintain weight on their feet so as part of their compensatory mechanism they withdraw their feet upward and outward which can be characterized as an “athetoid dance”.

A neural tube is where the brain and spinal cord form. During the first few weeks of pregnancy, an unborn baby is primarily made entirely of cells. Those cells start forming different body parts, and specific cells form the tube. This tube will go on to become part of the spinal cord, brain, and other structures such as the backbone. The top part of the tube is what the brain becomes, and the rest of the tube converts to the spinal cord.

Now you may ask what is a CMT? A CMT is also called hereditary sensory and motor neuropathy. This is a disease that runs in families, and causes some problems with the sensory and motor nerves, the nerves that run from the arms, legs, spinal cord, and brain. This happens when parts of the nerves become damaged. Messages run along the nerves that make the nerves move slower, or have weak signals.

An incomplete injury at the cervical level will invariably cause central cord syndrome. The occurrence of central cord syndrome is much higher amongst people who sustain hyperextension injury with the presence of degenerative change in the cervical spine, much like Mr X. The characteristic weakness in the arms compared to the legs is due to the pattern of lamination of the spinothalamic and corticospinal tracts being more medial to the central canal. Anterior cord syndrome is characterised by loss of pain and temperature sensation, and motor function, below the level of the injury whilst touch and proprioception are preserved. This syndrome is caused by damage inflicted to the anterior aspect of the spinal cord or as a result of decreased vascular supply. Brown-Sequard syndrome occurs in the presence of damage to one side of the spinal cord more so than the other, resulting in ipsilateral loss of motor function and sensory loss too.