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Summary: Tropical Rainforest

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1.0 Introduction

Tropical forest known as one of the greatest bastions of biodiversity in this planet receives a major threat poses by rapid deforestation. Biodiversity face the greatest global threat due to the intensification and expansion of agriculture (Tilman, 2001; Donald, 2004 & Green, 2005). The process of breaking up large patches of forest into smaller part is called forest fragmentation (Brown & Jacobson, 2005). Small fragments of forest typically exist after deforestation, urbanization, or other modified lands that are totally unsuitable for most species that occupied in the forest whether by nature or design. These phenomena may reduce biodiversity by making it more difficult for some species to either breed or find food (Wade, …show more content…

The grown of oil palm Elaeisguineensis across more than 13.5 million ha of tropical, low-lying areas, high-rainfall that naturally occupied the most biologically diverse terrestrial ecosystem (Corley, 2003). Oil palm has been cited as a major driver of biodiversity loss and deforestation in tropical countries. Oil palm consistently occupied more variation for invertebrate taxa whereas held fewer than half as many vertebrate species as primary forests.
Other than had much lower species richness than disturbed forests, a mean of only 15% of species were recorded in primary forest was also found in oil palm plantations (Liow, 2001). Most studies found and proved a large difference in faunal species composition between oil palm plantations and forests (Room, 1975; Davis & Philips, 2005). Deforestation, edge effects, logging, soil and water pollutions, forest fragmentation, loss of habitat and species extinction are devastating effects caused by the expansion of oil palm plantation in order to fulfill the economic growth (Fitzherbertet al., 2008; Tan et al., 2009; Brühl&Eltz, 2010; Edwards et al., 2010; Kitamura et al., 2010; Mathaiet al., …show more content…

Camera trapping proved to be a convenient method for baseline data assessment as well as an evaluation for species richness and broadly used in population dynamics, wild life ecology, inventory, population density, activity patterns of targeted species, habitat use, behavioral ecology and even research on animal damage (Mounir&Zuhair, 2012) which are valuable and crucial information for estimation of conservation

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