Function of the skeleton:
The skeleton has 6 main functions, they are: Support (Supporting tissue and provides points of attachment.), protection (Provides mechanical protection of internal organs.), assisting in movement (Skeletal muscles are attached to bones therefore they help them to move), storage of minerals (Bone tissues store several minerals e.g. calcium and phosphorus when needed they will the bone will release these into the blood.), production of blood cells (The red bone marrow inside larger bones is the site of red blood cells).
Synovial Joints:
Muscles
Muscles
Visceral muscle- Visceral muscles are usually found in the stomach, intestines and blood vessels. Visceral muscles make organs contract to
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A ligament is composed of dense tough bundles of collagenous fibres and spindle-shaped cells known as fibrocystic. The purpose of the ligament is to hold two bones or cartilage together.
Tendons:
Tendon is a tissue that attaches a muscle to other parts of the body which are usually bones. These are firmly attached to the muscle fibres at the end of the bone. Tendons are remarkably strong, having one of the highest tensile strengths found among soft tissues. The structure of a tendon is that they’re flexible but inelastic.
Cartilage:
Reduces friction and acts as a cushion between joints and helps support our weight when we run, bend, and stretch. Holds bones together, for instance, the bones of the ribcage. Some body parts are made almost entirely of cartilage, for example, the external parts of our ears. A function of a cartilage is that it acts as a shock absorber and will aid in smooth movement of the joint. It will provide protection and cushioning for the synovial joints as it is almost spongy and is hard to
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The hearts job is to pump blood around the body. The right side of the heart receives blood whereas the other side pumps blood around the body. It is made of a muscle that doesn’t get fatigued. The heart can make blood reach any part of the body.
Ventricles:
The ventricles are two large chambers the collect and pump blood around the body. The right ventricle receives the blood whereas the left side pumps the blood around the body. They are located at the near the bottom of the heart
Atrium:
This is the first place where the blood enters the heart. Deoxygenated blood enters the right side of the atrium. The right side will then pump the deoxygenated blood to the pulmonary veins.
Valves:
The heart has 4 valves: Mitral, Tricuspid, aortic and pulmonary. The Mitral and tricuspid valves control blood flow from the atria to the ventricles. The aortic valve and pulmonary control blood flow out of the ventricles.
Aorta:
The aorta is the main artery in the human body which is in the left ventricle of the heart extending down to the abdomen this is where it splits into two smaller arteries. The aorta distributes oxygenated blood to all parts of the body.
Pulmonary
The Pintails heart is like a mammals consisting of four chambers, two ventricles and two atria. The left ventricle pumps blood to all major organs in the body and throughout the rest, only excluding the lungs. This causes the left ventricle to be larger and more muscular. The lungs are fed blood from the right ventricle, which is the only the only function of that ventricle. The oxygenated blood coming from the lungs is fully separated from the oxygenated blood coming from other parts of the body.
Normally blood entering the right side of the heart stays on the right side (this is low-oxygen blood), and blood on the left side of the heart stays on the left side (this is oxygen-rich blood) which is then pumped to the rest of the body. But in this particular condition when a defect or "hole" is present between the ventricles (or lower chambers), blood from the left side of the heart is forced through the defect to the right side every time the heart beats. It then goes back to the lungs even though it is already rich in oxygen. Because of this, blood that is not yet oxygen-rich can 't get to the lungs. The most common signs and symptoms are trouble eating and gaining weight, breathlessness and easy fatigability in
Heart, lungs and the Rest of You By: Olivia Abel 1.Explain how the blood flows throughout your lungs, heart and the rest of your body. Heart: Your left and right side of your heart work together to pump blood to and throughout your body which is separated by muscular tissue called the septum. In the right side blood enters through two large vein which are the inferior and superior vena cava, emptying poor oxygen blood from the body to the right reticulum. When the left side enters from the pulmonary veins and empties oxygen rich blood from the lungs into the aorta going throughout the body.
Systolic and Diastolic Heart Failure Heart failure occurs when the heart cannot pump enough blood for the body due to a weakened or damaged heart. The heart 's pumping action moves oxygen-rich blood as it travels from the lungs to the left atrium, then on to the left ventricle, which pumps it to the rest of the body. The left ventricle supplies most of the heart 's pumping power, so it 's larger than the other chambers and essential for normal function. (American Heart Association). In left-sided or left ventricular heart failure, the left side of the heart must work harder to pump the same amount of blood.
Mitral valve regurgitation is one of the few heart conditions you may unknowingly have for years and learn to live with the affects of this condition before ever being diagnosed. Mitral valve regurgitation occurs when the mitral valve is letting blood leak backward into the upper chambers of the heart. The mitral valve is located between your heart’s two left chambers . Mitral valve regurgitation, or mitral insufficiency as it is known, is a common heart valve disorder.
An articulation is the weakest point on the skeleton however the structure is capable of resisting strong forces that may threaten its normal alignment . A normal structure of a joint includes a coated layer of tough, slippery tissue that coats the ends of each bone known as an articular cartilage. A cartilage acts as a shock absorber and keeps the end of the bones from being crushed. For instance the knee, also known as the biggest and most complex joint in our body has an extra cartilage known as a semi-circular cartilages, these cartilages or menisci helps with the prevention of the femur to rock side to side on the tibia as well as acting as a shock absorber .
Congestive Heart Failure Introduction The heart is like an engine, pumping blood throughout the body. Over time, when this pump cannot distribute enough blood throughout the body to meet its needs, it develops into a condition known as congestive heart failure (CHF). When the right side of the heart fails, the lungs cannot pick up oxygen due to the heart’s inability to pump enough blood to them. In contrast, left sided heart failure is related to the heart’s inability to pump an adequate amount of oxygen-rich blood throughout the body.
Cartoon Character Skeletal System Project Essay! The human skeletal system consists of 206 bones and associative tissue such as joints, cartilage, ligaments, and tendons. Each bone is a complex living organ that is made up of cells, minerals, and protein fibers. When joined together, the skeletal system provides the base framework, giving shape to the unique human body and provides support and protection for the soft tissues that make up the rest of the body. The skeletal system also provides attachments points for muscles enabling movements at the joints.
Because of this inability to contract effectively, the rest of the vital organs receive inadequate amount of blood resulting to inadequate tissue perfusion. There are two types of left-sided HF; systolic and diastolic failure. Systolic failure happens when the left ventricle doesn’t have the enough energy to pump normally the blood to the general circulation. As for diastolic failure, the left ventricle loses the ability to fill itself with blood during resting period resulting to inadequate amount of blood to be pumped out to the circulation (Weinrauch, 2008). The diastolic dysfunction will eventually lead to right-sided heart failure.
The cardiac cycle is the coordination of the filling and exhausting of blood by electrical signals that cause the heart muscles to contract and unwind. The contraction of the heart is directed by a nerve drive that goes from the SA node to AV node to AV group to Purkinje fibers to the myocardium. Amid the cardiac cycle, the heart contracts by means of systole, pushing blood out of the heart, and unwinds through diastole, filling the heart with blood. Cardiomyocytes, or cardiac cells, are striated and are in charge of the pumping of the heart; they are the main muscle cells with intercalated plates. The heart's inner pacemaker controls and times the thumping of the heart by means of electrical signals.
Collagen, like rope, aims to maximize bones elasticity. And cartilage acts as a buffer. Together these molecules cooperate in order to give bones structure, strength, and support. This relates to animals in the sense that all “animals have molecules that lie between their cells, specifically collagens and proteoglycans.” Through the molecules, cells are able to communicate amongst each other thereby knowing when and how to change their behavior.
Vesalius had observed, by dissection, that there were no pores in the septum of the heart. This meant that direct transfer of blood was not possible. Harvey’s explanation for how blood was transferred from the right ventricle to the left ventricle was that it went through the lungs via the pulmonary arteries and returned through veins to the left auricle, and subsequently to the left ventricle. Once again this description was a simplified explanation of flow in line with his observations and those of Vesalius and
The right ventricles only function is to pump blood into pulmonary circulation for the lungs, while the left ventricle pumps blood throughout the whole of the of the body. Describe the structure and function of the different valves within the heart: Tricuspid valve: This is found in-between the right atrium and the right ventricle. Pulmonary valve: This is found in-between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery. Mitral valve: This is found in-between the left atrium and the left ventricle.
The heart is an organ of muscles. It’s necessary to pump blood throughout the body. The heart has four chambers: two atria (left and right) and two ventricles (left and right). The two atria chambers are located at the top of the heart; whereas, the two ventricles are located at the bottom of the heart. The chambers help blood flow smoothly through the heart.
The objective of this experiment is check how heart chambers, vessels and valves of the heart help the heart to achieve its function of pumping blood all over the body. In addition, this experiment would help us understand the double circulation of blood and reasons why it is vital for mammalian organisms. Due to the complexity of mammalian organisms, the exchanges of substances such as oxygen, nutrients and hormones cannot rely on diffusion itself (Kent, 2013). The transportation