Essay On Histopathology

INTRODUCTION

Histopathology is the detailed study and microscopic examination of biological cells and tissues for the presence of any abnormality caused by disease. It is used in the examination of a biopsy- surgically removed sample from the body to be examined more closely by a pathologist. A pathologist or histopathologist studies specimens of cells and tissue after a sample has been removed from the patient, processed using special histological techniques and carefully prepared histological sections of the specimen have been placed on slides and stained with specific histology stains and ready for observation using a microscope (Kierszenbaum et al. 2012) Afterwards an electron microscope is used to observe the slides, sometimes a light microscope is used. Cytology is the microscopic study of cell appearance especially for the diagnosis of abnormalities and malignancies under a microscope. In a urine cytology exam, a doctor looks at cells collected from a urine specimen, to see how they look and function. The test commonly checks for infection, inflammatory disease of the tissue and precancerous conditions.

Recent

Application of Spectral histopathology (SHP) in the diagnosis of lung cancer

Lung cancer is a common cause of cancer deaths in both men and women worldwide. The main causes are smoking and regular exposure to tobacco smoke which is a problem in developing countries). Statistics from the American Cancer Society estimated that in 2014 about 224,000 new cases of lung cancer in the U.S. occurred and about 159,000 deaths were due to the disease. Types of lung cancers are non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer. Non-small cell lung cancer occurs in four stages - Stage I, stage II, STAGE III (A&B) and stage IV and the small cell lung cancer has the limited and extensive stages. Usually the prognosis for lung cancer is poor because it is rarely identified until it is in an advanced stage as it is at this stage that symptoms start to